Pipes/piping polypropylene

PVC, or 3, is one of the less commonly recycled plastics in the United States, although it is actively recycled in Europe. The recycled material is used to make non-food-bearing containers, shoe soles, flooring, sweaters, and pipes. Polypropylene, PP or... 

Acetic acid Acetone L-Camphor Caprolactam 2,2-Dimethylpropanol Ethylcellulose Ethylene 2-(5-Ethyl-2-pyridyl)ethyl acrylate Heptyl alcohol N-Isopropyl-N -phenyl-p-phenylenediamine Levulinic acid Nonanoic acid Rosin plastic mfg., cellulose propionate Propionic acid plastic pipe Polypropylene plastic resins Cobalt phosphate (ous) plastic wood s-Amyl acetate... 

One of the most important usages of plastic pipes in construction is sanitary pipes. Polypropylene random copolymer is used in sanitary pipes due to its excellent chemical resistance and heat transfer properties. 

Thermoforming and Extrusion. Improved equipment and polymers have increased the capabiUty to extmde and thermoform polypropylene however, consumption of polypropylene in these areas has not grown dramatically. Drinking straws are commonly extmded from polypropylene, however most larger diameter tubes, such as pipes and conduits, are predominantly extmded from other thermoplastics. Extmded sheet is thermoformed into food containers and trays polypropylene is used when microwavabiUty is desired. 

Polypropylene can be fabricated by almost any process used for plastics (see Plastics processing). The extmsion of pipe and injection mol ding of fittings present no unusual problem. However, there is no way to bond the fittings to the pipe except by remelting the polymer, which is impractical on most constmction sites. The resin can be reinforced by glass fibers, mineral fillers, or other types of fillers and can be pigmented readily. 

Recommended materials of constmction for pipes, tanks, and pumps handling citric acid solutions are 316 stainless steel, fiber glass-reinforced-polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, and poly(vinyl chloride). At elevated temperatures, 304 stainless steel is not recommended (Table 8). 

Polypropylene Polypropylene (PP) pipe and fittings have excellent resistance to most common organic and mineral acids and their salts, strong and weak alkahes, and many organic chemicals. They are available in sizes V2 through 6 in, in Schedules 40 and 80, but are not covered as such by ASTM specifications. 

Carbon steel Sch. 40 Fiberglass reinforced polyester Fiberglass reinforced vinylester Glass pipe Aluminum Sch. 40 304 stainless steel Sch. 5 Saran-lined steel Polypropylene- lined steel Rubber-linedsteel Sch. 40 316 stainless steel Sch. 5 304 stainless steel Sch. 40 Kynar-Ifned steel 316 stainless steel Sch. 40 Alloy 20 Sch. 5 FEP Teflon-lined steel PFA Teflon-lined steel Armored-glass pipe PTFE Teflon-lined steel Monel 400 Sch. 5 Nickel 200 Sch. 5 Alloy 20 Sch. 40 Monel 400 Sch. 40 Inconel 600 Sch. 5 Titanium Sch. 5 Nickel 200 Sch. 40 Titanium Sch. 40 Inconel 600 Sch. 40 Glass-lined steel Sch. 40 Hastelloy C-276 Sch. 5 Zirconium Sch. 5 Hastelloy B Sch. 5 Zirconium Sch. 40 Hastelloy C-276 Sch. 40 Hastelloy B Sch. 40 Tantalum-lined steel Sch. 5 Tantalum-lined steel Sch. 40... 

The polymer has found some small-scale outlets in other directions such as sheet, pipe and wire coating. Consumption of the polymer in these directions is, however, dependent on finding applications for which polypropylene is the most suitable material. 

It is less resistant to aliphatic hydrocarbons than polyethylene and polypropylene and in fact pipes may be solvent welded. At the same time the resistance to environmental stress cracking is excellent. 

FRP, plastics (polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, and other similar materials), and rubber are general use and are recommended for alum solutions. Care must be taken to provide adequate support for these piping systems, with close attention given to spans between supports so that objectionable deflection will not be experienced. The alum solution should be injected into a zone of rapid mixing or turbulent flow. 

A polypropylene pipe with an outside diameter of 80 mm is required to withstand a constant pressure of 0.5 MN/m for at least 3 years. If the density of the material is 909 kg/m and the maximum allowable strain is 1.5% estimate a suitable value for the wall thickness of the pipe. If a lower density grade of polypropylene (p = 905 kg/m ) was used under the same design conditions, would there be any weight saving per unit length of pipe ... 

A piece of thin wall polypropylene pipe with a diameter of 300 mm is rotated about its longitudinal axis at a speed of 3000 rev/min. Calculate how long it would take for the diameter of the pipe to increase by 1.2 mm. The density of the polypropylene is 909 kg/m. ... 

In a particular application a I m length of 80 mm diameter polypropylene pipe is subjected to two dimetrically opposite point loads. If the wall thickness of the pipe is 3 mm, what is the maximum value of the load which can be applied if the change in diameter between the loads is not to exceed 3 nun in one year. 

When a pipe fitting is tightened up to a 12 mm diameter polypropylene pipe at 20°C the diameter of the pipe is reduced by 0.05 mm. Calculate the stress in the wall of the pipe after 1 year and if the inside diameter of the pipe is 9 mm, comment on whether or not you would expect the pipe to leak after this time. State the minimum temperature at which the fitting could be used. Use the tensile creep curves and take the coefficient of thermal expansion of the polypropylene to be 9.0 X 10- °C . 

A polypropylene pipe of inside diameter 10 mm and outside diameter 12 mm is pushed on to a rigid metal tube of outside diameter 10.16 mm. If the polypropylene pipe is in contact with the metal tube over a distance of 15 mm, calculate the axi force necessary to separate the two pipes (a) immediately after they are connected (b) 1 year after connection. The coefficient of friction between the two materials is 0.3 and the creep data in Fig. 2.5 may be used. 

A powder was emptied down a metal duct into a plant vessel. The duct was replaced by a rubber hose, as shown in Figure 15-2. The flow of powder down the hose caused a charge to collect on it. Although the hose was reinforced with metal wire and was therefore conducting, it was connected to the plant at each end by short polypropylene pipes that were nonconducting. A charge therefore accumulated on the hose, a spark occurred, the dust exploded, and a man was killed. 

Polypropylene (PP) is a crystalline polymer suitable for low-stress applications up to 225°F (105°C). For piping applications this polymer is not recommended above 212°F (100°C). Polypropylene is shielded, pigmented, or stabilized to protect it from uv light. Polypropylene is often a combination of polyethylene and polypropylene which enhances the ductility of the polymer. 

T. Arai and M. Ohkita. Application of polypropylene coating system to pipeline for high temperature service. In Proceedings Volume, pages 189-201. 8th Bhra Internal External Protect of Pipes Int Conf (Florence, Italy, 10/24-10/26), 1989. 

Components made of polypropylene are used in appliances such as refrigerators, radios and TVs. It is also used for producing films, pipes, storage tanks, seat covers, monofilaments and ropes. 

Oilfields in the North Sea provide some of the harshest environments for polymers, coupled with a requirement for reliability. Many environmental tests have therefore been performed to demonstrate the fitness-for-purpose of the materials and the products before they are put into service. Of recent examples [33-35], a complete test rig has been set up to test 250-300 mm diameter pipes, made of steel with a polypropylene jacket for thermal insulation and corrosion protection, with a design temperature of 140 °C, internal pressures of up to 50 MPa (500 bar) and a water depth of 350 m (external pressure 3.5 MPa or 35 bar). In the test rig the oil filled pipes are maintained at 140 °C in constantly renewed sea water at a pressure of 30 bar. Tests last for 3 years and after 2 years there have been no significant changes in melt flow index or mechanical properties. A separate programme was established for the selection of materials for the internal sheath of pipelines, whose purpose is to contain the oil and protect the main steel armour windings. Environmental ageing was performed first (immersion in oil, sea water and acid) and followed by mechanical tests as well as specialised tests (rapid gas decompression, methane permeability) related to the application. Creep was measured separately. 

Agent and energetics piping, column, and packing to be 304L stainless steel pumps to be polypropylene-lined carbon steel. 

Multilayer pipes with polyethylene or polypropylene for under-floor heating systems in domestic and commercial buildings, preventing oxygen from dissolving in the hot water and avoiding metal corrosion of other parts in the heating device. .. 

Polypropylenes are cost-effective polymers for casings, caps, framework of ventilation, fan blades, air filters, filters and pumps of agricultural machines, pipes. .. 

ISO 15494 2003 Plastics piping systems for industrial applications - Polybutene (PB), polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) - Specifications for components and the system -Metric series... 

Polypropylenes are cost-effective polymers for casings, caps, frameworks for ventilation, fan blades, air filters, filters and pumps of industrial dishwashers, softeners, washing machines, detergent product vats, parts of pumps for handling chemicals, frames, cable rollers, parts with a film hinge, electrical components, translucent parts, cases, pipes. .. 

An interesting development initiated by Neste and Norsk Hydro is a multilayer coating for the insulation of deep-water pipelines. The steel pipe is protected by a layer of solid thermoplastic, a core of polypropylene foam and a coating of solid plastic, all of which are built up by cross head extrusion. 

ISO 1346 2004 Fibre ropes - Polypropylene split film, monofilament and multifilament (PP2) and polypropylene high tenacity multifilament (PP3) - 3-, 4- and 8-strand ropes ISO 1873-1 1995 Plastics - Polypropylene (PP) moulding and extrusion materials - Part 1 Designation system and basis for specifications ISO 1873-2 1997 Plastics - Polypropylene (PP) moulding and extrusion materials - Part 2 Preparation of test specimens and determination of properties ISO 3213 1996 Polypropylene (PP) pipes - Effect of time and temperature on expected strength... 

ISO 4577 1983 Plastics - Polypropylene and propylene-copolymers - Determination of thermal oxidative stability in air - Oven method ISO 7279 1984 Polypropylene (PP) fittings for pipes under pressure - Sockets for fusion using heated tools - Metric series - Dimensions of sockets ISO 7671 2003 Plastics piping systems for soil and waste discharge (low and high temperature) inside buildings - Polypropylene (PP)... 

ISO 8242 1989 Polypropylene (PP) valves for pipes under pressure - Basic dimensions -Metric series... 

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