Pesticides azinphos methyl

Pesticides, e.g. dursban, azinphos-methyl, menazon, imidan, phosalone, zinophos 200-225°C, 20-120 min Induced fluorescence or amplification of natural fluorescence detection limits 10-300 ng. [20]... 

Biological. Mixed cultures of microorganisms obtained from soil, raw sewage, activated sludge, and settled sludge were all able to degrade azinphos-methyl. When this dithioate pesticide was incubated in a stirred flask containing a mixed culture for 4 d, the concentration decreased from 99 to 40 mg/L (Barik et al., 1984). 

Two OPs were detected in the survey azinphos-methyl in one soy-based formula at 0.022 mg.kg-1 on RTF basis, and pirimphos-methyl in two cereal-based weaning foods at 0.005 and 0.014 mg.kg-1. All were well below MRLs. No other pesticides of the 140 screened for were detected. 

Several qualitative and quantitative immunochemical methods and their application to the analysis of environmental samples have been described for OP insecticides, a family that includes widely used pesticides such as azinphos-ethyl/methyl, dichlorvos, fenitrothion or fenthion, malathion, mevinphos, and parathion. Mercader and Montoya202 produced monoclonal antibodies against azinphos-methyl and developed an ELISA that was used for the analysis of water samples from different sources, reaching detectability levels near 0.05 pg I. Watanabe et al.203 reported the production of polyclonal antibodies and ELISA procedures to analyze fenitrothion in river, tap, and mineral water (LOD = 0.3 pg L ). Banks et al.204 produced polyclonal antibodies against dichlorvos, an organophosphate insecticide used for stored grain, which also cross-reacts with fenitrothion. Nishi et al.205 reported the first immunoassay for malathion. Residues of this insecticide have... 

The technique was used to determine several organophosphorus pesticides (E)- and (Z)-Mevinphos, Dichlorvos, Azinphos-methyl, Azinphosethyl, Parathion-methyl, Parathion-ethyl, Malathion, Fenitrothion, Fenthion, Chlorfenvinphos and Diazinon, in groundwater. 

Gas chromatography has been used [183] to determine the following at organophosphorus insecticides at the microgram per litre level in water and waste water samples Azinphos-methyl, Demeton-O, Demeton-S, Diazinon, Disulfoton, Malathion, Parathion-methyl and Parathion-ethyl. This method is claimed to offer several analytical alternatives, dependent on the analyst s assessment of the nature and extent of interferences and the complexity of the pesticide mixtures found. Specifically, the procedure uses a mixture of 15% v/v methylene chloride in hexane to extract... 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Pesticide tolerance for 0,0-dimethyl S-[(4-OXO-l,2,3-benzotriazin-3(4H)-YL)methyl] phosphorodithioate (azinphos-methyl). Fed. Reg. 54 46082-84, 1989. 

Fig. 8.7 Chemical structure of pesticides (a) parathion (b)phosmet (c) terbufos (d) chlopyrifos (e) azinphos-methyl (f) tribufos (g) bomoxynil (h) dichlorophene (i) pentrachlorophenol...

Furthermore, the extraction of body fluids is complicated by the fact that certain pesticides may be decomposed by acids or alkalis. For example, the substituted ureas are hydrolysed by dilute acid or alkali, and substituted V-methylcarbamates decompose in alkaline media. The organophos-phorus insecticides are also hydrolysed in alkali and certain members of the class, e.g. azinphos-methyl, diazinon, and malathion, are also unstable in acid. 

In a study using a human neuroblastoma cell line, mixtures of three different organophosphates (azinphos-methyl, diazanon, and dimethoate), and mixtures of an organic phosphate (pirimiphos-methyl) and a benzim-idizole fungicide (benomyl) showed greater toxicity toward protein synthesis than the individual pesticides. I21 The authors of the study concluded that it is not feasible to predict the toxicities of pesticide mixtures on the basis of the toxicities of the single components. 

Chronic peripheral nervous system effects have been reported in farmers who applied the organophosphate pesticides methyl parathion (2.86), azinphos-methyl (2.75), and tetraethylpyrophosphate (0.45) pesticides in xylene (3.15) solutions and were exposed to levels below those known to produce acute or subacute symptoms. Similar effects were described in another study of low level exposure to organophosphate pesticidesJ49l In both cases, it is hypothesized that the lipophilic solvent (xylene) facilitated the absorption of greater than expected quantities of the more hydrophilic pesticides. 441... 

Two OP pesticides used most frequently in area (azinphos-methyl and phosmet)... 

Agent Index A160 Azinphos-Methyl CAS 86-50-0 odors. These pesticides are also found as solutions. 

The following OPPs were taken off the U.S. National Pesticide Survey list due to significant losses when stored at 4°C parathion-ethyl, parathion-methyl, azinphos-methyl, fenitrothion, demeton, fenthion, diazinon, fonofos, malathion, disulfoton, terbufos, phosmet, and ethion. ... 

Laboratory Services Branch (USB) method E3389 of the Canadian Ministry of the Environment s Laboratory Services Branch is used for testing drinking water. The principle of the method is LC-UV after SPE followed by desorption of the OPPs with ethyl acetate. The sample extracts are evaporated to dryness and reconstituted in 1 ml acetonitrile. Limits of quantification range from 0.5 /rg/l for phorate to 28 /rg/1 for temephos. The other pesticides analyzed with this method are azinphos-methyl, chlorpyriphos, diazinon, dimethoate, parathion, malathion, terbufos. 

The OPPs with an aromatic ring (e.g., azinphos-methyl, azinphos-ethyl, coumaphos, diazinon, fenitrothion, fenthion, parathion, paraoxon, tetrachlorvinphos, trichloronate) can be determined with UV/DAD because they contain good chromophores. Problems are encountered with pesticides such as, dimethoate, disulfoton, malathion, or trichlorfon, which have no chromophores. The wavelength data for analyzing OPPs using LC-UV/DAD are given in Table 23.13. 

Four out of ten selected pesticides characterized by low polarity and low thermal stability (dimethoate, paraoxon, azinphos-methyl, azinphos-ethyl, parathion-methyl, parathion-ethyl. 

Organophosphorus pesticides Acephate , Azinphos-methyl , Chlorpyrifos , Chlorpyriphos-methyl , Diazinon , Dichlorvos (DDVP), Dicrotophos , Dimethoate , Disulfoton , Ethoprop , Eenamiphos , Eenitrothion , Fenthion , Fosthiazate , Malathion , Methamidophos , Methidathion , Methyl-parathion , Mevinphos , Naled , Oxydemeton-methyl , Para-thion , Phorate , Phosalone , Phosmet , Pirimiphos-methyl , Profenofos , Terbufos , Tetrachlorvinphos , Trichlorfon . 

Sex differences have been demonstrated in the toxicity of phosphorothionate pesticides to rats in vivo and in the oxidative capacity of liver slices from male and female rats in vitro. In studying the influence of various factors on the activation of azinphos-methyl and O-ethyl-O-phenyl-D-p-nitrophenylphos-phorothionate (EPN), the livers of male rats were found to be 2-3 times more active than those of females in converting these compounds to their oxo-analogues [47]. In young animals up to the age of 30 days, no difference is evident between males and females, but after 30 days the activity of the male liver rises while that of the female liver remains constant. Castration or administration of diethylstilboestrol prevents this rise in males, while admini-... 

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