Pesticides research

Michigan State University, 105 Pesticide Research Center, East Lansing, MI 48824... 

Farm Chemical. "What s Happening in Pesticide Research " Meister Publishing Co., Willoughby, Ohio, September, 1982 p... 

Otchet o toksikologicheskoy i gigienicheskoy otsenke novykh pestitsidov (issledovaniya 1972 g.) (Report on the Toxicology and Health Assessment of New Pesticides (Research from 1972)) Thesis Report to the Goskomissia Plenum of May 25-30, 1973). ., 1973. 94 pp. 

Mogensen BB, Sqrcnscn PB, Stuer-Lauridsen F, Lassen P (2004) Fate of pyrethroids in farmland ponds. Pesticide Research No. 86. Ministry of the Environment, Danish Environmental Protection Agency, Copenhagen, p 112... 

Weeds constitute one of the major problems in agriculture. They are an important constraint on yield in most crops across the world. These days, growers spend much money on weed control. About 6 million ton of herbicides was sold in the world in 2006 and herbicides are the most used pesticides they form approximately 38% of the total amount of pesticides (FAO 2006). Nowadays, an effort to tighten rules for authorization and application of pesticides, research and develop products that are target-specific, degrade quickly and do not accumulate in the food chain, exists in... 

Pesticide Research Laboratory, Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802... 

Nutritional factors may influence the toxicity of pesticides. Research in this area has primarily focused on the role of dietary proteins, particularly sulfur-containing amino acids, trace minerals, and vitamins A, C, D, and E. Studies in rats show that inadequate dietary protein enhances the toxicity of most pesticides but decreases, or fails to affect, the toxicity of a few. The results of these studies have shown that at one-seventh or less normal dietary protein, the hepatic toxicity of heptachlor is diminished as evidenced by fewer enzyme changes (Boyd 1969 Shakman 1974). The lower-protein diets may decrease metabolism of heptachlor to heptachlor epoxide. 

Jensen, P. B. (1996). The influence of non spraying on parasitoids. Pesticides Research 19. 

Emerging fran this exercise was the development of official NACA position papers on "The Reliability of Test Data in Pesticide Research" and "Good Laboratory Practices" in 1979. Needless to say, the policy on the former indicated that the industry supported the concept of reliable test data in pesticide research. The issue was hew does one determine reliability or validity. The industry addressed the question this way ... 

EPA is proposing to require GLP compliance for all studies submitted to the Agency which are intended to suport pesticide research or marketing permits."... 

Pesticide Research Laboratory, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 2Office of the Dean for Research, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611... 

Pesticide Research Laboratory Pennsylvania State University University Park, Pennsylvania... 

The amount of pesticides used in Tanzania increased from 330 g capita-1 in 1977 to 500 g capita-1 in 1988. With population growth in the country at 2.7%, this implies a significant increase (140%) in pesticide use. The control of importation, formulation, and use of pesticides is inefficient. Imported amounts can exceed the authorized amounts because of donations and the specific projects that import pesticides without official authority from the licensing agent (Tropical Pesticides Research Institute). 

It is not my purpose to expound chromatographic theory, or to discuss the fine points of column preparation, solvent selection, or new advances in detectors. The papers that follow deal with recent developments in these areas, and what they report is as applicable to pesticide metabolism analyses as to residue analyses. Instead, I shall describe a working radiochromatograph for the pesticide research laboratory and discuss some of the problems associated with this type of instrument. 

Pesticide Research Laboratory, Food Science and Human Nutrition Department,... 

Gomaa HM, Faust SD. 1972. Chemical hydrolysis and oxidation of parathion and paraoxon in aquatic environments. In Fate of organic pesticides. Research and Development Division, Keramchemie (Canada) Ltd. and Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ, 189-209. 

Mehta, P.K., Sood, A.K., Patial, A. and Lai, R. (2005) Evaluation of toxic and antifeedant properties of some plant extracts against major insect pests of cabbage. Pesticide Research Journal 1 7(2), 30-33. 

We consider all these field tests still to be preliminary. They will have to be repeated on a larger scale and in different locations and countries before a complete picture can be gained. The work on Spodoptera exigua in Holland was done in collaboration with W.J. Nooijen of the Delft group and C. van der Kraan and S. Voermanof the Institute for Pesticide Research in Wageningen. 

Junji Takabayashi is a Professor at the Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University. He received his Ph.D. in 1986 in agricultural biology from Kyoto University. He joined Pesticide Research Institute, Kyoto University as an instructor in 1987 and then moved to Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University as an Associate Professor in 1995. In 2000, he was promoted as Professor. His present research focuses on insect-plant interactions mediated by chemical information. 

Stanford Research Institute, Pesticide Research Bulletin, Menlo Park, California, November 1963. 

U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, Fish-Pesticide Research Laboratory, Denver, Colo. 80225... 

T ichlobenil (2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile) is used for weed control in cranberry marshes, in nursery stock and woody plants, for pre-emergent control in crops, and for aquatic weed control. The acute toxicity of dichlobenil to fish has been measured at the Fish-Pesticide Research Laboratory in Denver the 24-hour-LC50 values are 22 p.p.m. active ingredient to bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque) at 24 °C. and 23 p.p.m. to rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) at 13°C. 

The author gratefully acknowledges the assistance of Oliver B. Cope, W. R. Bridges, Herman Sanders, Joseph McCraren, and others of the staff of the Fish-Pesticide Research Laboratory, and Peter A. Frank of the Weed Investigations Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture. 

Biological pesticide research and development is most efficient and productive when conducted by teams of scientists a research specialist on the target pest, a research specialist on the natural enemy, and a research specialist on fermentation or rearing the... 

In the first tier, an assumption of complete dermal absorption can be made, i.e. assume 100 % dermal absorption. Under the NAFTA Technical Working Group on Pesticides, it was agreed that in the absence of an acceptable in vivo dermal absorption study, dermal absorption and absorption via the oral route would be considered equivalent (i.e. up to 100%). It is noteworthy that the California Department of Pesticide Research uses a Tier 1 default of 50 % for regulatory purposes. This default represents an upper-bound estimate of dermal absorption of 40 pesticides, which were obtained from studies in rats (Donahue, 1996). 

Donahue, l.M. (1996). Revised Policy on Dermal Absorption Default for Pesticides, a memorandum (dated Inly 15), Worker Health and Safety Branch (WH S), HSM-96005, California Department of Pesticide Research, Sacramento, CA, USA. 

A comprehensive review article about the fate of pesticides in bopical soils, reported several interesting facts about pesticide research in trc ical soils [11], For example, in a 10 year period, literature citations on research in bopical soils as opposed to temperate soils were disproportionate in a ratio of 1 3. Literature citations on the tropical soils were mainly from the Asia/Pacific-India region with only a few from Ladn America with the exception of Brazil. Also, few references related to studies on the late of a given pesticide in both tropical and temperate soils. In fact, not only are publications on pesticide fate in tropical soils scarce but are often difficult to obtain and may contain inadequate experimental details for a complete interpretation. This situation still continues, with many studies not being published or reported in publications difficult to access. 

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