Pern, balsam

In detergent perfumes, the stabiUty of vanillin is not always certain. It depends on the association made with other raw materials, eg, with patchouli, frankincense, cloves, most of the animal notes, and such chemicals as amyl saUcylate, methyl ionones, heflotropin, gamma undecalactone, linalool, methyl anthrarulate, benzyl acetate, phenyl ethyl alcohol, cedar wood derivatives, oak mosses, coumarin, benzoin. Pern balsam, and cistus derivatives. In some cases, these mixtures can cause discoloration effects. 

Phenyl-2-propenoic acid [621 -82-9] commonly referred to as cinnamic acid, is a white crystalline soHd having a low intensity sweet, honeylike aroma. It has been identified as a principal constituent in the botanical exudates from Styrax IJquidamber orientalis) Benzoin Styrax ben in Pern Balsam [Myroxylon pereirae and Tolu Balsam (]Ayro>ylon balsamum) (4,5). In these, as well as numerous other natural products, it exists both as the free acid and in the form of one or more of its esters, as for example, methyl cinnamate, ben2yl cinnamate [103 1 -3] and cinnamyl cinnamate. 

Peruvianum balsamum Pern balsam Myroxylon balsamum (I,) HARMS var. pereirae Fabaceae DAB 10. 6An 90, Helv VIR MD 50%-70% esters benzoyl benzoate 25%-4t)%) and cinnamoyl benzoate Cl0%-25%) 20%-28% resin (mostly dnnamicesters of peresitannol), cinnamic acid (about 10%), benzoic and dihydrobenzoic acid, a-nerolidol (3% 5%)... 

Exceptions to the simple definition of an essential oil are, for example, gadic oil, onion oil, mustard oil, or sweet birch oils, each of which requires enzymatic release of the volatile components before steam distillation. In addition, the physical process of expression, appHed mostly to citms fmits such as orange, lemon, and lime, yields oils that contain from 2—15% nonvolatile material. Some flowers or resinoids obtained by solvent extraction often contain only a small portion of volatile oil, but nevertheless are called essential oils. Several oils are dry-distiUed and also contain a limited amount of volatiles nonetheless they also are labeled essential oils, eg, labdanum oil and balsam oil Pern. The yield of essential oils from plants varies widely. Eor example, nutmegs yield 10—12 wt % of oil, whereas onions yield less than 0.1% after enzymatic development. 

Vanillin is known to cause allergic reactions in people previously sensiti2ed to balsam of Pern, ben2oic acid, orange peel, cinnamon, and clove, but vanillin itself is not an allergic sensiti2er. 

Benzoic acid in the free state, or in the form of simple derivatives such as salts, esters, and amides, is widely distributed in nature. Gum benzoin (from styrax ben in) may contain as much as 20% benzoic acid in the free state or in combinations easily broken up by heating. Acaroid resin (from anthorrhoca haslilis) contains from 4.5 to 7%. Smaller amounts of the free acid are found in natural products including the scent glands of the beaver, the bark of the black cherry tree, cranberries, pmnes, ripe cloves, and oil of anise seed. Pern and Tolu balsams contain benzyl benzoate the latter contains free benzoic acid as well. The urine of herbivorous animals contains a small proportion of the glycine derivative of benzoic acid, hippuric acid [495-69-2] (CgH CONHCH2COOH). So-called natural benzoic acid is not known to be available as an item of commerce. 

Ben /ben ate [120-51-4] CgH COOCH2CgH, mp, 21°C, cff , 1.118 bp, 323—324°C at 101.3 kPa , 1.5681. This is a colorless, oily liquid with a faiat, pleasant aromatic odor and a sharp, burning taste. It occurs naturally iu Pern and Tolu balsams, is spariugly volatile with steam, and is iusoluble iu water. Benzyl benzoate is prepared commercially by the direct esterification of benzoic acid and benzyl alcohol or by reaction of benzyl chloride and sodium benzoate. The pleasant odor of benzyl benzoate, like other benzoic esters, has long been utilized iu the perfume iadustry, where it is employed as a solvent for synthetic musks and as a fixative. It has also been used iu confectionery and chewing gum flavors. 

PROP Occurs (in the esterified form) in storax and in balsam Pern, cinnamon leaves, hyacinth oil. Needles or crystalline mass odor of hyacinth. Mp 33°, d 1.0397, bp 250.0°, n (20/D) 1.58190. Sol in water, glycerol, and propylene glycol freely sol in ale, ether, other common org solvs. 

Zinc oxide ointment with vitamin E and aloe s active ingredient is zinc oxide (11.3%). Its inactive ingredients are aloe vera gel, balsan (specially purified balsam pern),... 

Take of olive oil, Imperial pint pure spermaceti aud camphor, of each 4 ounce avoirdupois balsam of Peru, i ounce mix by a gentle heat, add 4 fluid ounce hydrochloric acid, aud stir until quite cold. An excellent friction for cbilblatu.s before they break. Tho balsam of Pern may be omitted if the cost be an object. 

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