Novel chromatography

VESICULAR AGGREGATES AS NOVEL MEDIA FOR THE ISOLATION OF POLAR AND NON-POLAR ORGANIC COMPOUNDS PRIOR TO LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY... 

A novel cross-linked polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer has been produced from suspension polymerization with toluene as a diluent, having an average particle size of 2 to 50 /rm, with an exclusive molecular weight for the polystyrene standard from about 500 to 20,000 in gel-permeation chromatography. A process for preparing the PS-DVB copolymer by suspension polymerization in the presence of at least one free-radical polymerization initiator, such as 2,2 -azo-bis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) with a half-life of about 2 to 60 min at 70°C, has been disclosed (78). 

A third parameter to consider is the column construction. Thus the sample applicator should provide optimal sample application to give the most performance possible out of the packed bed. Constructions should also allow simple, fast, and reproducible packing of the column. Because costs for repacking of columns are a substantial operating cost item in industrial chromatography, the selection of column construction from this point of view is also important. Some novel column constructions allow very simple procedures both for laboratory and for industrial scale (e.g., INdEX columns, see Section V). 

Ion chromatography (IC) is a relatively new technique pioneered by Small et al.25 and which employs in a novel manner some well-established principles of ion exchange and allows electrical conductance to be used for detection and quantitative determination of ions in solution after their separation. Since electrical conductance is a property common to all ionic species in solution, a conductivity detector clearly has the potential of being a universal monitor for all ionic species. 

Degenhardt, U.H. et ah. Centrifugal precipitation chromatography a novel chromatographic system for fractionation of polymeric pigments from black tea and red wine, J. Agric. Food Chem., 49, 1730, 2001. 

Gandla-Herrero, R, Garcla-Carmona, R, and Escribano, J., A novel method using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection for the determination of betaxanthins, J. Chromatogr. A, 1078, 83, 2005. 

The development of new fiber coatings in the near future should further improve the specificity of SPME and overcome some of the observed matrix effects. Quantification by stable isotope dilution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) may assist in improving analytical performance. Along with the possible application of micro LC and capillary LC columns to in-tube SPME, the development of novel derivatization methods and the potential for the analysis of fumigant pesticides, SPME appears to be a technique with a future in the analysis of pesticide residues in food. 

The structure of the second edition follows that of the first edition, with novel applications contained in sections attached to the individual chapters. The present chapter covers mass spectroscopy, with additional applications being found in the individual chapters, as well as advances in common detectors, unusual modes of chromatography, and general theoretical advances. 

Pesek, J. J. and Williamsen, E. J., Comparison of novel stationary phases, in Retention and Selectivity in Liquid Chromatography, Smith, R. M., Ed., Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1995, chap. 11. 

Yang, Y.-B., Harrison, K., and Kindsvater, J., Characterization of a novel stationary phase derived from a hydrophilic polystyrene-based resin for protein cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography, /. Chromatogr. A, 723, 1, 1996. 

Nowak, M. and Seubert, A., Application of experimental design for the characterization of a novel elution system for high capacity anion chromatography with suppressed conductivity detection, /. Chromatogr. A, 855, 91,1999. 

The spectrum of new analytical techniques includes superior separation techniques and sophisticated detection methods. Most of the novel instruments are hyphenated, where the separation and detection elements are combined, allowing efficient use of materials sometimes available only in minute quantities. The hyphenated techniques also significantly increase the information content of the analysis. Recent developments in separation sciences are directed towards micro-analytical techniques, including capillary gas chromatography, microbore high performance liquid chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis. 

This new and novel method to study the photochemical degradation of Kevlar-29 fabric in air divides into four steps (1) fabric cleaning, (2) photolysis at specified temperature and time in 0.2 atm - 02, (3) preparation of the degraded (DMAc-soluble) sample surface for decarboxylation at 25° and 196°C in the concentrated sulfuric acid, and (4) the total carbon dioxide analyses by gas chromatography and the isotopic carbon dioxide ( °C02 and 48co2) ratios by GC-mass spectrometer. 

Chong, B.E., Yan, F., Lubman, D.M., Miller, F.R. (2001). Chromatofocusing nonporous reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of proteins from human breast cancer whole cell lysates a novel two-dimensional liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method. Rapid Com-mun. Mass Spectrom. 15, 291-296. 

Racaityte, K., Lutz, E.S.M., Unger, K.K., Lubda, D., Boos, K.S. (2000). Analysis of neuropeptide Y and its metabolites by high-performance liquid chromatography—electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and integrated sample cleanup with a novel restricted-access sulphonic acid cation exchanger. J. Chromatogr. A 890, 135-144. 

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