Norsk Standard

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Risk-acceptance criteria are used as a reference in evaluating the results of the risk analysis and in determining the needs of remedial actions. They therefore have to be available prior to the start of the analysis. There are many different types of risk acceptance criteria, see NORSOK standard Z-013 for an overview (Norsk Standard, 1996/97/98/99). Here we will use acceptance criteria related to the risk of fatality or injury to personnel. They must meet the same standards as those of the SHE performance indicators discussed in Section 11.1. In other words, they must be ... 

In Norway, the offshore industry has developed guidelines for follow-up of the documentation of machines in project work (NORSOK S-005, see Norsk Standard, 1999). The guidelines are also applicable to land-based industry. We will here present an application of the method and illustrate it with an example from the purchase of a new wire-rolling mill at an aluminium plant. There are also other guidelines on applications of risk assessments to machinery, for example, those developed by the United Kingdom Health and Safety Executive (HSE, 1997b). 

NORSOK and other European and international standards (Norsk Standard, 1996/97/98/99). 

The project screens different development concepts. Risks that may make a concept unfeasible or result in high extra costs are focused on in special studies. An independent consultant carries out coarse Risk and emergency-preparedness analysis (REPA) for the two development alternatives that are considered (NORSOK Standard Z-013, see Norsk Standard, 1998). They are a standard production ship and a standard semi-submersible PDQ platform. The aim is to get a total overview of the risks involved for concept selection and to check compliance with the acceptance criteria. It is important to remember that the REPA and the acceptance criteria evaluate the integrity of passive and embedded barriers in particular. These are to a large extent determined in the early project phase. 

A REPA consists of two parts. The risk analysis involves the following activities (Norsk Standard, 1998 Suokas and Rouhiainen, 1993) ... 

The vendors are responsible for the Risk assessments of machinery. The reports from these assessments are part of the required documentation to issue a declaration of conformity with the machinery regulations. The contractor defines the documentation on risk assessments to be delivered by the vendors for review and verification. This includes the risk assessments for machinery and assemblies of machinery that are critical from a safety point of view (cf. NORSOK S-005 in Norsk Standard, 1999). 

Norsk Standard, 1996/97/98/99. Technical Safety (Norsok Standard S-001). Working Environment (Norsok Standard S-002). Environmental Care (Norsok Standard S-003). Machinery—Working Environment Assessment and Documentation (Norsok Standard S-005). Health, Safety and Environment During Construction (Norsok Standard S-CR-002), Risk and Emergency Preparedness Analysis (Norsok Standard Z-013). Norsk Standard, Oslo. 

Column Spherisorb 5 urn (250x3 mm ID), mobile phase methanol - chloroform - ammonia (18 81.5 0.5), flow rate 0.6 ml/min, detection UV 280 nm. Peaks 1, morphine 2, cinchonine (internal standard). (Reproduced with permission from ref. 51, by courtesy of Norsk Farmaceutisk Sel-skap). 

For novel technologies, it may sometimes be difficult to determine which standards are applicable and to what extent certain requirements are relevant. On this basis DNV( in cooperation with industry partners, developed the DNV-RP-A203 Qualification procedures for new technology in 2000, (Det Norske Veritas, 2001). This recommended practice has previously been presented at an ESReDA seminar, (Kortner, 2004). 

Det Norske Veritas, Germanischer Lloyd, and the American Bureau of Shipping, along with other members of the International Association of Classification Societies, verify compliance with statutory regulations and recognized standards. These organizations services include verification... 

Det Norske Veritas, Offshore standard position mooring, DNV-OS-E301, June 2001. 

A widely used system, which sets standards of measurement, is the International Loss Control Institute s (ILCI) International Safety Rating System (ISRS). (ILCI was incorporated into Det Norske Veritas (DNV) in 1995.) This system also has set standards of conformance as well as standards of accountability for safety work. It incorporates physical inspection guidelines and precise instructions to accredited auditors on how to allocate scores. In the ISRS there are 20 main element headings, each one composed of a number of elements. The total score is 13,000 points, though updated systems may have different scores. 

DNV (Det Norske Veritas) Standard for Certification No. 2.7-1, Offshore Containers, April 2006. 

Det Norske Veritas (DNV). 2009. Barents2020 Assessment of international standards for safe exploration, production and transportation of oil and gas in the Barents Sea. 

Nordic Boat Standard for craft under 15 metres (1990) Det Norske Veritas, Hovik. Similar standards are set by other classification societies such as Lloyd s Register and Germanischer Lloyd. 

Apparently recognizing this problem of reliability, Det Norske Veritas (DNV) offers training for company employees in the conduct of its proprietary ISRS audit. In fact, since 1994, DNV has not maintained a single, standardized audit but has instead worked with individual companies to develop custom audits for the specific needs of that company. Presumably they are able to obtain some degree of reliability as a result of this, although we are not aware of published data on this matter. Overall, the... 

Davies P, Baley C, Loaec H, Grohens Y (2005) Interlaminar tests for marine applications. Evaluation of the influence of peel plies and fabrication delays. Appl Compos Materials 12(5) 293-307 Diez de Ulzumin 1, Lopez F, Herreros MA, Suarez JC (2007) Tests of deck-to-huU adhesive joints in GFRP boats. Eng Fail Anal 14(2) 310-320 DNV (Det Norske Veritas) Standard for Certification, No. 2.9, Type Approval Programme No. 1-501.12, Adhesives, October 2009... 

For any pipeline repair system to be applicable in the industry, it must fulfil the requirements set by the relevant governing bodies. This includes the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), American Petroleum Institute (API), International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and Det Norske Veritas (DNV). 

DNV-Offshore Standard-F201, 2010. Dynamic Risers. Det Norske Veritas, Norway. 

Standard DNV-OS-C501, 2013. Composite Components. Det Norske Veritas. 

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