Performance indicator

We defined a set of performance indicators to evaluate our security system. 

For performance indicators evaluation we fix points and sensors within the PRESERVE V2X Security System where measurements need to be taken. We also introduce measurement points on the commimication stack especially on the Networking and transport layer where VSS is integrated. 

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The measure of assembly variability, q, derived from the analysis should be used as a relative performance indicator for each design evaluated. The design with the least potential variability problems or least failure cost should be chosen for further development. The indices should not be taken as absolutes as assembly variability is difficult to measure and validate. 

T he use of LCA for communicating environmental achievements to interest groups is an important option. In many practical situations, LCA requires much time and effort, and more simple rules of thumb are needed.. Some of these use Environmental Performance Indicators, the so-called EPIs. LCA can be used to full advantage to develop EPI-based rules of thumb. ... 

Regarding processes and work operations you will need to establish performance indicators as a means of determining whether the potential for generating nonconformities is present. Establish standards for each of the processes and collect data on how well the standards are being achieved. Such factors as quantity processed, process yield, time... 

Establish performance indicators for each significant process. 

Emphasis for prevention will be on changing individual behavior by symbolic or tangible rewards based on statistical evidence from the data collection system. "Hard" performance indicators such as lost time incidents will therefore be preferred to "softer" data such as near-miss reports. Accident prevention will also emphasize motivational campaigns designed to enhance the awareness of hazards and adherence to rules. If a severe accident occurs, it is likely that disciplinary sanctions will be applied. 

This number is in the range of acceptable performance for bottom section and should be punched. If performance indicates fewer holes are preferable, blanking strips can be added (or even added before the trays are installed). The top trays definitely require blanking of holes. 

Tray efficiency is as high as for bubble caps and almost as high as sieve trays. It is higher than bubble caps in some systems. Performance indicates a close similarity to sieve trays, since the mechanism of bubble formation is almost identical. The real point of concern is that the efficiency falls off quickly as the flow rate of vapor through the holes is reduced close to the minimum values represented by the dump point, or point of plate initial activation. Efficiency increases as the tray spacing increases for a given throughput. 

For high pressure distillation of light hydrocarbons, industrial performance indicates that the pressure drop actually obtained is about two times that predicted by the use of the GPDC charts. Figure 9-21F and 9-21G (for Norton s IMTP packing only). When the vapor density is at least 6% of the liquid density, the actual pressure drop is expressed [82] ... 

For a particular liquid-gas system and tower packing, performance indicates a region where the liquid phase becomes... 

The same performance indicators as centrifugal pumps or fans govern centrifugal compressors. 

Because of the high cost of new units and the importance of the FCC on refinery profitability, improvements should be made to the existing units to maximize their performance. These performance indices are ... 

A full range of reports reflecting both data and performance indices, available over the web, that can be easily modified and supplemented... 

The performance of a chemical plant depends upon an enormously high number of design and operating variables. This great number of process variables makes it impossible to find optimal conditions within the region of safe operation if no quantitative relationships (defined in terms of mathematics) between performance indices and process variables are known. In general, optima are complex functions of process variables, and therefore quantification of experimental ressults is needed. The methods for scale-up that were conventionally used at the time of Perkin chemistry resulted in successful commercialization of many laboratory recipes. This evolutionary, step-by-step method of scale-up is illustrated in Fig. 5.3-1 (after Moulijn et al. 2001). 

Finally, in multipurpose plants compounds, which can be deposited in various places (e.g. corners, zones near sealings) in equipment, can contaminate products of the subsequent batch. Therefore, all equipment must be thoroughly cleaned before the next production campaign starts. Contaminants can be formed in the process, sometimes at ppm level, and be recycled with streams of solvents and/or reactants. Hence, the influence of recycling on process performance indices must be included in the program of laboratory studies, at least in their final stage. 

Continued decline in performance indicates a membrane cleaning or compatibihty issue. The adequacy of the cleaning step is determined by the recovery of at least 80 percent of the initial normalized water flux. Although some variability in water flux is typical, any consistent dechne reflects an inadequate cleaning procedure. 

Several highly active hyam catalysts have been developed for the HPO process. Depending on which performance indicator is most important (activity, selectivity or lllterability) one can select the best Evonik Degussa catalyst for their application. 

Another external response to concerns about MCOs has been an increased interest in measuring the quality of care they deliver [35]. This interest has resulted in the development of numerous quality indicators. One example, HEDIS (Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set), is a standardized set of performance indicators used to compare health plans. Developed by the National Committee for Quality Assurance, HEDIS measures allow employers and employees to evaluate different plans. Only a small number of HEDIS indicators are related to medication use, but more drug-related indicators are likely to be added in the future. The use of quality indicators likely will increase as the measures become more refined and tested. 

Additional materials and components that are normally included in a system satisfy safety needs, system performance indications, and common sense. Service switches should be placed within view of the fan to ensure that the system will not be activated while maintenance is in progress. Systems should be clearly marked as a radon reduction device to ensure that future owners of the building do not remove or destroy the system. An operation manual describing the system and its purpose should be made available. 

Partly with the high stakes in mind, changes have been made in U.S. reactor equipment and operation since the TMI accident to reduce the chance of another accident. The results of these changes are reflected in the predictions of probabilistic risk assessments and by a variety of direct performance indicators. For example, in one measure for U.S. reactors, since the pre-TMI days there has been a reduction of more than a factor of 100 in the number of precursors to potential core damage accidents, as reported by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Muley, 1990 Belles et al., 1998). 

Boyd, G., Dutrow, E., and Tunnessen, W., 2008. The evolution of the ENERGY STAR energy performance indicator for benchmarking industrial plant manufacturing energy use, Journal of Cleaner Production, 16, 709-715. 

A mathematical formulation based on uneven discretization of the time horizon for the reduction of freshwater utilization and wastewater production in batch processes has been developed. The formulation, which is founded on the exploitation of water reuse and recycle opportunities within one or more processes with a common single contaminant, is applicable to both multipurpose and multiproduct batch facilities. The main advantages of the formulation are its ability to capture the essence of time with relative exactness, adaptability to various performance indices (objective functions) and its structure that renders it solvable within a reasonable CPU time. Capturing the essence of time sets this formulation apart from most published methods in the field of batch process integration. The latter are based on the assumption that scheduling of the entire process is known a priori, thereby specifying the start and/or end times for the operations of interest. This assumption is not necessary in the model presented in this chapter, since water reuse/recycle opportunities can be explored within a broader scheduling framework. In this instance, only duration rather start/end time is necessary. Moreover, the removal of this assumption allows problem analysis to be performed over an unlimited time horizon. The specification of start and end times invariably sets limitations on the time horizon over which water reuse/recycle opportunities can be explored. In the four scenarios explored in... 

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