Nepal

Imported Inorganic Chemical Elements, Oxides and Halogen Salts in Nepal, 2002 

Country of Origin Rank Value (000 US ) % Share Cumulative % 

Source Philip M. PARKER, Professor, INSEAD, copyright 2002, www.icongrouponline.com 

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Jute. Jute fiber is obtained from two herbaceous aimual plants, Corchorus capsularis (linden family, TiUaceae) originating from Asia, and C. olitorius originating from Africa. The former has a round seed pod, and the latter a long pod. Jute is grown mainly in India, Bangladesh, Thailand, Nepal, and Bra2il. 

The oil from the luavoa of Cinn/l nurmiim glavdiUiJerv.m in Nepal species) his lii cii examioed and found lo have the following cliarao-... 

The 90-calloJ Nepal sassafras, or Nepal oatnphoi- ti-eo, is probably CinTianicmum Cicindapline. The essential oil t lom the- wood of this ti e has been esatnined by f iokles. ... 

In contrast, during the late 1990s the poorest quarter of humanity—made up of about fifteen sub-Saharan African countries, Nepal, Bangladesh,... 

Pokhrel D, Viraraghavan T (2004) Diarrhoeal diseases in Nepal vis-a-vis water supply and sanitation status. J Water Health 2 71-81... 

T. Kojima, K. Tahara and A. Inaba, Relative importance of solar PV, bio-mas energy and afforestation as measures for C02, Problem Proc. Intern. Conf. on Role of Renewable Eneiy Technology for Rural Development, Oct. 12-14,1998, Kathmandu, Nepal, pp.81-85,1999.1. 

Joshi, S. R., Pechhacker, H., Wiliam, W., and von der Ohe, W. (2000). Physico-chemical characteristics of Apis dorsata, A. cerana and A. mellifera honey from Chitwan district, central Nepal. Apidologie 21, 367-375. 

Hepatitis E is associated with more than 50% of the acute hepatitis cases in endemic areas (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Burma, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Mexico, the Middle East, Northern Africa, and sub-Saharan Africa). The virus is primarily transmitted by the fecal-oral route. Transmission of HEV is more prominent in underdeveloped countries where sanitation is poor. 

All the studies summarized in this chapter were carried out in the province of Salta, in northern Argentina, with the exception of case n, which was developed in the province of Jujuy. The province of Salta has an area of 155,500 km2, occupying the sixth position at the national level, and with a value similar to the surface of Nepal, has a population of 1.2 million, making it the eighth most populous out of 23 at the national level. 

Most deserts and (semi-) arid regions occur between 10° and 35° latitude (e g. Sahara desert, Kalahari desert), in the interior parts of continents (e g. Australia, Gobi desert) and in rain shadow areas in fold belts (e.g. Peru, Nepal). Large parts of the arctic tundra receive less than 250 mm precipitation per annum and qualify as arid regions too (FAO, 2001). 

Culman SW, Duxbury JM, Lauren JG, Thies JE (2006) Microbial community response to soil solarization in Nepal s rice - wheat cropping system. Soil Biol Biochem 38 3359-3371. doi 10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.04.053... 

Plesofsky-vig N, Brambl R (1985) The heat shock response of fungi. Exp Mycol 9 187-194 Ploeg AT, Stapleton JJ (2001) Glasshouse studies on the effects of time, temperature and amendment of soil with broccoli plant residues on the infestation of melon plant by Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica. Nematology 3 855-861 Pokharel RR (1995) Effect of crop rotation and solarization on the population densities of rice root nematode Hirschmanniella spp. in Nepal. Int Rice Res Notes 20 28-29... 

Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COLD) and Cor pulmonale COLD is known to be an outcome of chronic air pollution exposure. Although tobacco smoke is known to be the major risk factor, studies in India and Nepal have found that non-smoking women who regularly cook on biomass stoves exhibit a higher prevalence of COLD than would be expected, or which appears in women who use them less frequently. Indeed, due to indoor exposure, nearly 15% of non-smoking women in Nepal (20 years and older) had chronic bronchitis a very high rate for nonsmokers (ESCAP, 1995). 

Pandey, M. R., et al. (1989). Domestic smoke pollution and acute respiratory infection in a rural communities of Hill region of Nepal. Environmental Institute, 15, 337-345... 

Biomass supplies almost 15% of the world s energy. In developing countries this amount can be as high as 50%. Nepal, Ethiopia, and Haiti derive most of their energy from biomass. Kenya, Maldives, India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Mauritius derive over half. 

Nepal D, Sohn JI, Aicher WK, Lee S, Geckeler KE (2005) Supramolecular conjugates of carbon nanotubes and DNA by a solid-state reaction. Biomacromolecules 6 2919-2922. 

Nepal D, Geckeler KE (2007) Proteins and carbon nanotubes close encounter in water. Small 3 1259-1265. 

Rantalainen, A.-L. Hyotylainen, T. Saramo, M. Niskanen, 1. 1999, Passive sampling of PAHs in indoor air in Nepal. Toxicol. Environ. Chem. 68 335—348. 

Deniel D, Vidal P, Fernandez A, LeFort P, Peucat JJ (1987) Isotopic study of the Manaslu granite (Himalaya, Nepal) inference on the age and source of Himalayan leucogranites. Contrib Mineral Petrol 96 78-92 DePaolo DJ (1986) Detailed record of the Neogene Sr isotopic evolution of seawater from DSDP Site 590B. Geology 14 103-106... 

Tanaka, O., Han, E.-C., Yamaguchi, H., Matsuura, H., Murakami, T., Taniyama, T., and Yoshikawa, M. (2000). Saponins of plants of Panax species collected in central Nepal, and their chemotaxonomical significance. III. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 48, 889-892. 

Pokharel, S. 2003. Promotional issues on alternative energy technologies in Nepal. Energy Policy 31 307-318. 

This indigenous pre-Buddhist religion of Tibet was a kind of shamanism closely related to the motifs and cosmology of the classical shamanism of Siberia. Tibetan folk shamanism, called Bon, continues to be practiced today in the mountainous area of Nepal that borders Tibet. Its practitioners are generally despised by the Buddhist community, being thought of as heretics and as generally low types. 

As soon as I arrived in Asia, the enormity of the task and the effort that this project would require were seen more nearly in their correct proportions. My proposed plan was actually an outline for a life of scholarly research Naturally, I found that nothing could be done at all until I was familiar with the Tibetan language, so I put aside all my research ideas and resolved to dedicate myself to learning as much Tibetan as I could in the few months that circumstances gave me in Nepal. 

They had both been disowned by their families and were traveling hippies, as we all were then. Their relationship was bizarre— they had come together from England, but the relaxation of tension, which arrival in bucolic Nepal had brought, had been too much for their fragile liaison. Now they lived apart, he at one end of Boudanath and she, alone, at the other. They met only for the combined purpose of "paying calls" or of abrading each other s nerves. 

My experiments had consisted of having observed that the spontaneous glos-solalia that DMT caused in myself sometimes triggered a kind of seizure of synesthesia in which syntactical structures, spoken language, actually became visible. Some effect such as this may have been behind my rooftop experience in Nepal. Unusual linguistic and vocal displays seem to typify DMT intoxication.]... 

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