Neoplastic cell lines

Twenty years ago, a high-affinity-binding site for uPA was demonstrated on the surface of peripheral blood monocytes and cultured cells of the human histiocytic lymphoma cell line, U937 [46]. The expression of uPAR on the cell surface of many cell types has since then been demonstrated, including a variety of neoplastic cell lines as well as nonneoplastic cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, keratinocytes, placental trophoblasts, endothelial, and smooth muscle cells [7, 33, 47-51]. The human uPAR gene has been mapped to chromosome 19ql.3 [52]. 

By use of mAbs with known domain specificity, a molecular variant of uPAR-lacking domain I, uPAR(II-III), was first identified on U937 cells [16]. Subsequently, uPAR(II-III) was identified on several neoplastic cell lines, in xenotransplanted human mammary and ovarian tumors as well as in tumor tissue lysates from ovarian cancer patients [20, 81-85], In solution, purified uPAR(I-III) can be cleaved in the linker region between domains I and II by... 

Leukine increases the cytotoxicity of monocytes toward certain neoplastic cell lines and activates polymorphonuclear neutrophils to inhibit the growth of tumor cells... 

Marklund, S.L., Westman, N.G., Lundgren, E. and Roos, G. (1982). Copper and zincsuperoxide dismutase, manganese-containing superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in normal and neoplastic human cell lines and normal human tissues. Cancer Res. 42, 1955-1961. 

The usefulness of a given cell line will depend on which differentiated or neoplastic endpoints the cells express and/or whether the cell line is long-lived or immortal. Assessment of whether a cell line expresses specific metabolic or functional endpoints generally requires empirical analysis. The development of transformed/immortalized epithelial cell systems has been particularly significant, since these cells are responsible for 85-90% of all cancers and they often manifest a broad range of specialized functions in addition to their neoplastic phenotype [13, 16, 22-34],... 

Nakamura, Y., Trosko, J. E., Chang, C. C., and Upham, B. L. (2004). Psyllium extracts decreased neoplastic phenotypes induced by the Ha-Ras oncogene transferred into a rat liver oval cell line. Cancer Lett. 203,13-24. 

Courage C, Bradder SM, Jones T, Schultze-Mosgau MH, Gescher A (1997) Characterisation of novel human lung carcinoma cell lines selected for resistance to anti-neoplastic analogues of staurosporine. Int J Cancer 73 763-768... 

Neoplastic transformation of fibroblastic cells has been reported with Chinese hamster lung cells, rat embryo cells, BHK cells, mouse 3T3 cell lines, a mouse ventral prostate cell line, and the mouse C3H/10T1/2 cell line (Heidelberger et al, 1983 Barrett and Ts o, 1978). The Syrian hamster embryo cells and the various mouse cell lines have been employed most often in studies employing fibroblastic cells. Neoplastic and preneoplastic transformation of normal human fibroblasts has also been reported in recent years (DeMars and Jackson, 1977, Freedman and Shin, 1977 Kakunagti, 1978 Milo and DiPaolo, 1978 Namba et al, 1978 Borek, 1980 McCormick et al, 1980 Sutherland et al, 1980 SilinskasetoiL, 1981). 

Neoplastic transformation in ceU culture is a multistage process, and the mechanisms of the different steps in this process may vary. For example, some aneuploid ceU lines, which are nontumorigenic, have some properties of neoplastic ceUs and progress to neoplastic cells more... 

The nature of a preneoplastic cell in vitro is not defined clearly and, therefore, it is difficult to discriminate between normal and preneoplastic cells. Some aneuploid cell lines have been demonstrated as preneoplastic by their increased propensity to become neoplastic in vitro and in vivo (Barrett et al, 1984). For this reason, it is assumed that only early-passage, diploid cells are normal and that all aneuploid cell lines are preneoplastic. Whether establishment as a permanent cell liner per se is a preneoplastic alteration is unclear, especially if the cells remain diploid, an event which occurs only rarely. 

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