Nausea alkaline

Although generally well tolerated, probenecid can cause gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and other adverse reactions, including fever, rash, and rarely, hepatic toxicity. Patients should be instructed to maintain an adequate fluid intake and urine output to decrease the risk of uric acid stone formation. Some experts advocate alkalinizing the urine to decrease this risk. 

Select azole antifungals (e.g., itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole) and the echinocandins are available for IA treatment. For initial therapy of IA, voriconazole had higher response and survival rates than c-AMB.102 An advantage of voriconazole is its 96% oral bioavailability, making use of this oral drug an attractive and less expensive alternative. The dose of voriconazole was 6 mg/kg IV every 12 hours for two doses, followed by 4 mg/kg IV every 12 hours for at least 7 days, at which time oral voriconazole 200 mg every 12 hours could be administered. Common toxicities reported with voriconazole include infusion-related, transient visual disturbances (i.e., blurred vision, altered color perception, photophobia, and visual hallucinations), skin reactions (i.e., rash, pruritus, and photosensitivity), elevations in hepatic transaminases and alkaline phosphatase, nausea, and headache.102 In addition, voriconazole increases the serum concentrations of medications cleared by cytochrome P-450 2C9, 2C19, and 3A4 (e.g., cyclophosphamide and calcineurin inhibitors) concomitant voriconazole-sirolimus should be avoided.103... 

In a human case involving ingestion of approximately 1-1.5 mg/kg, effects consisted of nausea, vomiting, and green-gray urine. Clinical changes included proteinuria and elevated serum levels of bilirubin, creatine, alkaline... 

Adverse reactions occurring in 3% or more of patients include the following abnormal lab tests, back pain, flu syndrome, headache, hemoptysis, hypotension, increased alkaline phosphatase, increased cough, increased GGT, insomnia, muscle cramps, nausea, palpitations, pneumonia, syncope, tongue pain, trismus, vasodilation (flushing), vomiting. 

Adverse reactions may include Stevens-Johnson syndrome pericardial effusion T-wave changes rebound hypertension (following gradual withdrawal in children) decreased initial hematocrit, hemoglobin and erythrocyte counts nausea vomiting temporary edema alkaline phosphatase/serum creatinine/BUN increase, hypertrichosis. 

Adverse reactions may include bone marrow depression with aplastic anemia agranulocytosis or thrombocytopenia (long-term therapy) peripheral neuritis purpura myopathy loss of hair reversible azoospermia dermatoses hypersensitivity vomiting diarrhea abdominal pain nausea elevated alkaline phosphatase and AST. 

Adverse reactions occurring in at least 3% of patients include diarrhea, headache, lab test abnormalities (hemoglobin, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, and lipase), nausea, upper respiratory infection, and vomiting. 

Adverse reactions occurring in at least 3% of patients included the following abnormal vision, alkaline phosphatase increased, ALT/AST increased, chills, fever, hallucinations, headache, hepatic enzymes increased, liver function test abnormal, nausea, peripheral edema, photophobia, rash, vomiting. 

Adverse reactions occurring in at least 3% of patients include rash (including maculopapular), nausea, diarrhea, headache, vomiting, fever, cough, insomnia, asthenia, pruritus, monilia (oral), abdominal pain, constipation, dizziness, anemia, neutropenia, elevated ALT and AST, elevated alkaline phosphatase, elevated amylase, hyponatremia, pain, sweating, anxiety, anorexia, sinusitis, dyspepsia, rhinitis, and taste perversion. 

Adverse effects include gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, diarrhoea, hypersensitivity reactions like rash, urticaria, angioedema, exceptionally bronchospasm, anaphylactic shock dizzy sensations (caution in driving or use of machinery) moderate increase in ASAT, ALAT and/or alkaline phosphatases cholestatic or more rarely acute liver injury. 

The chief toxic effect of azathioprine and mercaptopurine is bone marrow suppression, usually manifested as leukopenia, although anemia and thrombocytopenia may occur. Skin rashes, fever, nausea and vomiting, and sometimes diarrhea occur, with the gastrointestinal symptoms seen mainly at higher dosages. Flepatic dysfunction, manifested by very high serum alkaline phosphatase levels and mild jaundice, occurs occasionally, particularly in patients with preexisting hepatic dysfunction. 

Adverse Reactions Nausea Facial swelling Pruritus Vomiting Anaphalaxis Rash Fever Increased ALT Increased AST Decreased hematocrit Decreased hemoglobin Increased serum alkaline phosphatase Infused vein complications... 

Acidulous waters are cooling, refreshing, arid exbili-rating, and oftentimes relieve nausea. The acidulo-alkaline waters are useful in tire litlric acid diathesis, in gout and rheumatism, et cetera. 

A 61-year-old man developed hepatotoxicity 8 days after starting to take rosiglitazone 4 mg/day, and it was withdrawn (109). The alanine transaminase was 28 pikat/l, aspartate transaminase 23 gkat/l, alkaline phosphatase 8.7 pkat/l, total bilirubin 14 gmol/l, and direct bilirubin 13 pmol/l. All the tests were normal 5 months later. He had taken troglitazone for 1 week 8 months before this incident but had stopped because of nausea and an upset stomach. 

Gastrointestinal Hepatitis, fulminant hepatic failure, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, increase in aminotransferases, increase in alkaline phosphatase... 

Adverse reactions include nausea, giddiness, headache, pruritus and photophobia. Impairment of testosterone synthesis may cause gynaecomastia and decreased libido in men. Of particular concern is impairment of liver function, ranging from transient elevation of hepatic transaminases and alkaline phosphatase to severe injury and death. 

A 66-year-old man had taken trovafloxacin 100 mg/day for 4 weeks for refractory chronic sinusitis (10). For several years he had also taken allopurinol, doxepin, hydrochlorothiazide, losartan, metoprolol, and nabumetone. He developed nausea, vomiting, malaise, and abdominal distension. His white cell count was 8000 x 10 /1 with 16% eosinophils his serum aspartate transaminase was 537 IU/1, alanine transaminase 841 IU/1, direct bilirubin 17 pmol/l total bilirubin 27 pmol/l, alkaline phosphatase 111 IU/1 blood urea nitrogen 5 pmol/l and creatinine 190 pmol/l. Tests for hepatitis A, B, and C were negative. A biopsy of the liver showed centrilobular and focal periportal necrosis and eosinophilic infiltration the sinusoids were dilated and contained lymphocytes and eosinophils many hepatocytes were undergoing mitosis. After withdrawal of trovafloxacin and treatment with prednisone, his hepatic and renal function returned to normal, and the eosinophilia gradually resolved. 

When B. officinalis was mistaken for a similar plant, Securinega suffruticosa, and was cooked in a soup used for muscle aches, lumbago, or as a tonic by 19 patients, 14 developed diarrhea, 10 had nausea and felt cold, nine had sensations of abdominal fullness, and seven vomited (3). Liver enzymes rose and the median times to median peak activities were 3 days for alanine transaminase, 2 days for aspartate transaminase, 5 days for alkaline phosphatase, and 12 days for gamma glutamyltranspeptidase. The liver damage was hepatocellular liver injury rather than cholestatic and marked jaundice did not develop. 

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