Nasal decongestant phenylephrine

Rhinocort Aqua and Nasonex are preparations containing topical nasal corticosteroids (budesonide and mometasone furoate respectively). Otrivine contains a nasal decongestant (xylometazoline) and Sudafed is a systemic preparation containing a nasal decongestant (phenylephrine). Molcer is a preparation for ear-wax removal and which contains docusate sodium. Emadine contains an antihistamine (emedastine) and is presented as eye drops. 

When used as a nasal decongestant, phenylephrine can cause local nasal irritation and even perforation of the anterior nasal septum. 

Lion of action. The largest use of this drug, however, depends on its vasoconstricting action phenylephrine is used extensively as a nasal decongestant due to its ability to constrict the blood vessels in mucous tissue on local application. In one published... 

Topical intranasal decongestants (e.g., oxymetolazine, xylome-tolazine, phenylephrine, and naphazoline) are OTC options that provide prompt relief of nasal congestion. Nasal decongestants are dosed multiple times daily.15 Tachyphylaxis, rebound congestion, and rhinitis medicamentosa may occur with chronic use therefore, use should be limited to 3 to 5 days.8,12 These may be used 5 to 10 minutes before administration of intranasal corticosteroids in patients with blocked nasal passages.15... 

Nasal decongestant sprays such as phenylephrine and oxymetazoline that reduce inflammation by vasoconstriction are often used in sinusitis. Use should be limited to the recommended duration of the product to prevent rebound congestion. Oral decongestants may also aid in nasal or sinus patency. To reduce mucociliary function, irrigation of the nasal cavity with saline and steam inhalation may be used to increase mucosal moisture, and mucolytics (e.g., guaifenesin) maybe used to decrease the viscosity of nasal secretions. Antihistamines should not be used for acute bacterial sinusitis in view of their anticholinergic effects that can dry mucosa and disturb clearance of mucosal secretions. 

Phenylephrine is a nasal decongestant that mimics the sympathetic system, thereby increasing the heart rate and blood pressure. It may aggravate conditions such as diabetes, hypertension and glaucoma. Patients with hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, hyperthyroidism, diabetes and glaucoma are therefore given topical nasal sympathomimetics rather than systemic sympathomimetics. Both topical and systemic sympathomimetics are contraindicated in patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors, because concurrent administration of the two products may lead to a hypertensive crisis. 

Triprolidine is an antihistamine. Phenylpropranolamine, pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine and oxymetazoline are nasal decongestants. Nasal decongestants administered systemically are often available in combination with an antihistamine. 

The clinical uses of these drugs are associated with their potent vasoconstrictor action. They are used to restore or maintain blood pressure during spinal anesthesia and certain other hypotensive states. The reflex bradycardia induced by their rapid intravenous injection has been used to terminate attacks of paroxysmal atrial tachycardia. Phenylephrine is commonly used as a nasal decongestant, although occasional nasal mucosal... 

Over-the-counter nasal decongestants cold, sinus, and allergy medications containing pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine, or phenylpropanolamine and supplements ... 

Phenylephrine is used to increase peripheral vascular resistance when cardiac output is maintained. It increases arterial blood pressure and this often results in reflex bradycardia. It is mainly used to correct anaesthesia-induced hypotension. It is also used to dilate the pupil (mydriasis) and as a nasal decongestant. 

Rynatan pediatric suspension is an antihistamine/nasal decongestant combination available for oral administration as a suspension. Each 5 mL (one teaspoonful) of the slate-purple-colored, natural strawberry-artificial currant-flavored suspension contains phenylephrine tannate 5 mg, chlorpheniramine tannate 4.5 mg, benzoic... 

Phenylephrine is a specific a-agonist with very little effect on p-receptors The other name for this drug, a brand name, is Neosynephrine and it can be found in nasal decongestant sprays and as a dilator in opthamology. It can also be used with the antihypertensive drug phenoxybenzamine and the smooth muscle relaxant papaverine in order to treat impotence in males. 

Nasal Decongestants for Systemic Use Sympathomimetics (pseudoephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, phenylephrine) and structural analogues (epinephrine, ephedrine)... 

SYMPATHOMIMETICS CYTOTOXICS -PROCARBAZINE Co-administration of ephedrine, metaraminol, methylphenidate, phenylephrine or pseudoephedrine (including nasal and ophthalmic solutions) with procarbazine may cause a prolongation and t intensity of the cardiac stimulant effects and effects on BP, which may lead to headache, arrhythmias, hypertensive or hyperpyretic crisis The metabolism of sympathomimetics is impaired due to an inhibition of MAO It is recommended that sympathomimetics not be administered during and within 14 days of stopping procarbazine. Do not use any OTC nasal decongestants (sprays or oral preparations) or asthma relief agents without consulting the pharmacist/doctor... 

Phenylephrine has actions qualitatively similar to noradrenaline but a longer duration of action, up to an hour or so. It can be used as a nasal decongestant (0.25-0.5% solution), but sometimes irritates. In the doses usually given, the central nervous effects are minimal, as are the direct effects on the heart. It is also used as a mydriatic and briefly lowers intraocular pressure. 

Unconventional routes of drug administration by using gels and jellies are also being explored. Thus, two nasal jellies were developed and marketed. The intranasal vitamin B-12 gel, Nascobal (Schwarz Pharma), is used as a dietary supplement. The gel base is composed of a hydrophilic cellulose derivative, the exact nature of which is not disclosed. However, the gel is apparently odorless and non-iriitating, and adheres well to the mucous membrane. Neo-Synephrine Viscous (Sanofi Winthrop) is a water-soluble nasal jelly formulated with methylcellulose it contains the decongestant phenylephrine hydrochloride. 

Data regarding supportive therapy are limited, but such therapy may be useful. Nasal decongestant sprays such as phenylephrine and oxymetazoline that reduce inflammation by vasoconstriction are used often in sinusitis." " " " Use should be limited to the recommended... 

AFRIN 4 hour Schering-Plough (U.S. Phenylephrine HCI 0.5% Nasal decongestant BKC, Na2edta, PEG1450, pov, PG, NaP, glycerine Plastic squeeze bottle... 

Phenylephrine hydrochloride LD50 in mice, 1000 mg/kg. Medical use Sympathomimetic. Topically as a vascoconstrictor, mydriatic, and nasal decongestant. 

Phenylephrine (neo-synephrine, others) is a selective receptor agonist it activates receptors only at much higher concentrations. The drug causes marked arterial vasoconstriction during intravenous infusion. Phenylephrine also is used as a nasal decongestant and as a mydriatic in various nasal and ophthalmic formulations (see Chapter 63 for ophthalmic uses). 

Phenylephrine nasal decongestant and ophthalmologic use (mydriasis without cycloplegia)... 

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