Nanomaterial-based Electrochemical Biosensors

Wang J., Nanomaterial-based electrochemical biosensors. Analyst, 130(4), 421-426,... 

Kerman, K., Saito, M., Tamiya, E., Yamamura, S., Takamura, Y., 2008. Nanomaterial-based electrochemical biosensors for medical apphcations. Trends in Analytical Chemistry 27, 585-592. 

Pandiaraj, M., Madasamy, T., GoUaviUi, P.N., Balamurugan, M., Kotamraju, S., Rao, V.K., Bhargava, K., Karunakaran, C., 2013. Nanomaterial-based electrochemical biosensors for cytochrome c using cytochrome c reductase. Bioelectrochemistry 91, 1-7. 

W. Putzbach, N.J. Ronkainen, Immobilization techniques in the fabrication of nanomaterial-based electrochemical biosensors A review. Sensors 13 (2013) 4811-4840. 

The topics discussed in the book include electrochemical detection of DNA hybridization based on latex/gold nanoparticles and nanotubes nanomaterial-based electrochemical DNA detection electrochemical detection of microorganism-based DNA biosensor gold nanoparticle-based electrochemical DNA biosensors electrochemical detection of the aptamer-target interaction nanoparticle-induced catalysis for DNA biosensing basic terms regarding electrochemical DNA (nucleic acids) biosensors screen-printed electrodes for electrochemical DNA detection application of field-effect transistors to label-free electrical DNA biosensor arrays and electrochemical detection of nucleic acids using branched DNA amplifiers. 

This book provides a comprehensive compilation of seven chapters, with important contributions of several authors. Chapter 1 reviews the recent research in using nanoparticle labels and multiplexed detection in protein immunosensors. This chapter summarizes recent progress in development of ultrasensitive electrochemical devices to measure cancer biomarker proteins, with emphasis on the use of nanoparticles and nanostmctured sensors aimed for use in clinical cancer diagnostics. Based on recent strategies focused on nanomaterials for electrochemical biosensors development. Chap. 2 discusses the development of new... 

A wide range of newly introduced nanoscale materials is expected to expand the realm of nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors. In addition, the judicious coupling of two different nanomaterials (i.e., inorganic/carbon nanohybrids) has been shown to offer further improvements in the analytical performance, superior to that observed when a single nanomaterial is used [55]. Such nanobioelectronic devices are expected to have a major impact upon ensuring our food safety or water quality, and upon other areas ranging from clinical diagnostics to security surveillance. 

Nanostructured electrode arrays and nanomaterial-based labeling strategies have resulted in ultrasensitive devices for measuring clinically relevant biomolecules. Due to their small size, electrocatalytic properties, compatibility with microfluidics, and ability to be functionalized with biomolecules, nanomaterial-derived electrochemical biosensor arrays have shown promise in applications that require the simultaneous detection of multiple biomolecules. As personalized medicine and future medical diagnostics require the development of small, sensitive, versatile, low-cost, and energy-efficient devices for multiplexed detection of biomolecules from complex samples, nanomaterial-based bioelectrochemistry is poised to address the rigorous demands of biosensor development. 

Hernandez EJ, Ozalp VC (2012) Graphene and other nanomaterial-based electrochemical aptasensors. Biosensors 2 1-14... 

Nowadays, the construction of electrochemical biosensors based on the use of gold nanoparticles constitutes an intensive research area because of the unique advantages that this nanomaterial lends to biosensing devices. So, gold nanoparticles provide a stable surface for immobilization of biomolecules with no loss of their biological activity. Moreover, they facilitate direct electron transfer between redox proteins and electrode materials, and constitute useful interfaces for the electrocatalysis of redox processes of molecules such as H202 or NADH involved in many biochemical reactions (1, 2). 

Besides MEMS-based electrochemical and optical biosensors, there are other types of MEMS biosensors acoustic wave, nanomaterial-based, and magnetic microbiosensors. 

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