Myelin basic proteins

The conformation of bovine myelin basic protein (MBP) in AOT/isooctane/water reversed micellar systems was studied by Waks et al. 67). This MBP is an extrinsic water soluble protein which attains an extended conformation in aqueous solution 68 but is more density packed at the membrane surface. The solubilization of MBP in the AOT reversed micelles depends on the water/AOT-ratio w0 68). The maximum of solubilization was observed at a w0-value as low as 5.56. The same value was obtained for another major protein component of myelin, the Folch-Pi proteolipid 69). According to fluorescence emission spectra of MBP, accessibility of the single tryptophane residue seems to be decreased in AOT reversed micelles. From CD-spectra one can conclude that there is a higher conformational rigidity in reversed micelles and a more ordered aqueous environment. 

Manczak M, Jiang S, Orzechowska B, Adamus G (2002) Crucial role of CCL3/MIP-1 alpha in the recurrence of autoimmune anterior uveitis induced with myelin basic protein in Lewis rats. J Autoimmun 18 259-270... 

Boulias, C., Pang, H., Mastronardi, F., and Moscarello, M. A., The isolation and characterization of four myelin basic proteins from the unbound fraction during CM52 chromatography, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 322, 174, 1995. 

Over 20 infectious agents have been incriminated as etiologic agents for many the causal relationship has been disproved, and for others there is conflicting evidence. Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is currently the most likely causative virus. HHV-6 may initiate the autoimmune processes of MS in one of two ways. First, HHV-6 is structurally similar to myelin basic protein. When T cells become sensitive to HHV-6, the cells may attack myelin basic protein. Second, HHV-6 may directly stimulate the complement cascade, activating autoimmune processes.5 Infection with HHV-6 alone cannot fully explain MS, because HHV-6 is found in 75% of all people, but MS is much more rare. 

Nye JS, Voglmaier S, Martenson RE, Snyder SH. Myelin basic protein is an endogenous inhibitor of the high affinity cannabinoid binding site in brain. J Neurochem 1988 50 1170-1178. 

Shiverer mouse, myelin-deficient mouse AR Myelin basic protein (MBP) Deletion or inversion of several MBP exons very little functional MBP expressed severe CNS hypomyelination and failure of compaction of major dense line see text 1,10,43... 

Myelin basic protein. In PNS myelin, MBP varies from approximately 5% to 18% of total protein, in contrast to the CNS, where it is close to 30% [ 1 ]. In rodents, the same four 21,18.5,17 and 14kDa MBPs found in the CNS are present in the PNS. In adult rodents, the 14kDa MBP is the most prominent component and is termed Pr in the PNS nomenclature. The 18.5 kDa component is present and is often referred to as the P, protein in the nomenclature of peripheral myelin proteins. Another species-specific variation in human PNS is that the major basic protein is not the 18.5 kDa isoform that is most prominent in the CNS but rather a form of about 17 kDa. It appears that MBP does not play as critical a role in myelin structure in the PNS as it does in the CNS. For example, the shiverer mutant mouse, which expresses no MBP (Table 4-2), has a greatly reduced amount of CNS myelin, with no compaction of the major dense line. By contrast, shiverer PNS has essentially normal myelin,both in amount and structure, despite the absence of MBP. This CNS/PNS difference in the role of MBP is probably because the cytoplasmic domain of P0 has an important role in stabilizing the major dense line of PNS myelin. Animals doubly deficient for P0 and MBP have a more severe defect in compaction of the PNS major dense line than P0-null mice, which indicates that both proteins contribute to compaction of the cytoplasmic surfaces in PNS myelin [23],... 

Campagnoni, A. T. and Campagnoni, C. W. Myelin basic protein gene. In R. A. Lazzarini (ed.), Myelin biology and disorders. San Diego, CA Elsevier Academic Press, 2004, 387-400. 

Aruga, J., Okano, H. and Mikoshiba, K. Identification of the new isoforms of mouse myelin basic protein the existence of exon 5a. /. Neurochem. 56,1222-1226,1991. 

In the CNS of mammals, two proteins are needed to accomplish the dual role of adhesion at both myelin bilayer surfaces that P0 effects in the PNS. The four-trans-membrane-domain proteolipid protein (PLP) is likely to be responsible for adhesion of the extracellular surfaces, while the very basic cytoplasmic myelin basic protein... 

Kalwy, S. A. and Smith, R. Mechanisms of myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein targeting in oligodendrocytes. Mol. Membr. Biol. 11 67-78,1994. 

Kim, J. K., Mastronardi, F. G., Wood, D. D. etal. Multiple sclerosis an important role for post-translational modifications of myelin basic protein in pathogenesis. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 2 453-462, 2003. 

MBP myelin basic protein NOS nitric oxide synthase... 

Amur SG, Shanker G, Cochran JM, Ved HS, Pieringer RA (1986) Correlation between inhibition of myelin basic protein (arginine) methyltransferase by sinefungin and lack of compact myelin formation in cultures of cerebral cells from embryonic mice. J Neurosci Res 16 367-376 An W, Kim J, Roeder RG (2004) Ordered cooperative functions of PRMTl, p300, and CARMl in transcriptional activation by p53. Celll 17 735-748... 

Jiang H, Curran S, Ruiz-Vazquez E, Liang B, Winchester R, Chess L Regulatory CDS + T cells fine-tune the myelin basic protein-reactive T cell receptor V(5 repertoire during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003 100 8378-8383. 

Chen Y, Inobe J, Kuchroo VK, Baron JL, Janeway CA Jr, Weiner HL Oral tolerance in myelin basic protein T-cell receptor transgenic mice suppression of autoimmune encephalomyelitis and dose-dependent induction of regulatory cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996 93 388-391. 

Bansal, G., Martenson, R. E., Leveille, P., and Campagnoni, A. T. (1987) Characterization of a novel monoclonal anti-myelin basic protein antibody use in immunoblotting and immunohistochemical studies. J. Neuroimmunol. 15, 279-294. 

---