Mycobacterium paratuberculosis

Sanderson JD, Moss MT, Tizard ML, Hermon-Taylor J Mycobacterium paratuberculosis found in Crohn s disease DNA in Crohn s disease tissue. Gut 1992 33 890-896. 

Barklay R, Ewing DF, Ratledge C (1985) Isolation, Identification, and Structural Analysis of the Mycobactins of Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare, Mycobacterium scrofulaceum, and Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. J Bacteriol 164 896... 

Crohn s disease involves inflammation of the gut. Its cause is not known, but evidence suggests that infection with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis may be a contributing factor (Hermon-Taylor, 1993). The inflammation results in steatorrhea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Crohn s disease is usually treated with drugs (corticosteroids), but it may also be treated by the elimination of a normal diet and its replacement with an elemental diet. The elemental diet consists of oligosaccharides, amino acids, and short-chain fatty acids. This diet is not very palatable, but it can result in relief of symptoms and a reduction in inflammation of the intestines. Two weeks of dietary treatment may be sufficient to allow inflammation to subside (Lochs et ah, 1991). 

Mycobacterium paratuberculosis Clinical samples Milk ChemChrome V6 D Haese et al. 2005... 

D Haese et al. (2005) studied the potential of SPC for the rapid enumeration of the extremely slow-growing Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in milk. However, as the viability stain ChemChrome V6 was used for labelling, no specific detection of the bacteria was obtained and only spiked samples were analysed. 

D Haese E, Dumon I, Werbrouck H, Dejonghe V, Herman L (2005) Improved detection of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in mfik. J Dairy Res 72 125-128 Guyomard S (1997) Vahdation of a scanning laser system for microbiological quality control (QC) analysis. Pharm Technol Fur (September) 50-54 Jones DL, Brailsford MA, Drocourt JL (1999) Solid-phase, laser-scanning cytometry a new two-hour method for the enumeration of microorganisms in pharmaceutical water. Pharmacopeia Forum 25 7626-7645... 

Inflammatory bowel disease Clostridium difficile, Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, measles virus... 

Rowan, N.J., MacGregor, S.J., Anderson, J.G., Cameron, D., and Parish, O. 2001. Inactivation of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis by pulsed electric ftelAs. Applied and Fnvironmental Microbiology 6 2833-2836. 

Growth factors (in concentrations of ca. 30 ng/mL) for Mycobacterium paratuberculosis (M. johnei), the microorganism responsible for Johne s disease in livestock. M. are iron chelators ( siderophores). 9 M. (M. A, F, H, M, N, P, R, S, and T) have been isolated from various non-pathogenic mycobacteria. They are used as taxonomic markers for mycobacteria. All M. form extremely stable hexacoordinate complexes in which the iron(III) is bound to two hydroxamic acid and one 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxazoline units. M. are stable towards heat and acids but unstable towards bases. On saponification the M. are cleaved to mycobactic acid and cobactin. M. show an apple green fluorescence under UV light. They are very soluble in chloroform... 

Nusbaum BP, Gulpas N, Horwitz SN (1983) Sporotrichosis acquired from a cat. J Am Acad Dermatol 8 386-391 Patterson CJ, LaVenture M, Hurley SS, Davis JP (1988) Accidental self-inoculation with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis (Johne s bacterin) by veterinarians in Wisconsin. JAVMA 192 1197-1199... 

From a lipid extract of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis a peptido-lipid fraction was isolated thanks to its insolubility in ether. Chemical analysis showed the presence of the amino acids D-phenylalanine, l-phenylalanine, L-leucine, L-isoleucine and the presence of a methyl ester group at the C-terminal end of the peptide moiety. Presence of an N-acyltetrapeptide was suggested (75). However, mass spectrometric invest-... 

Fig. 4. El-mass spectrum of the peptidolipid isolated from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis...

Laneelle, G. and J. Asselineau Isolement de peptidolipides a partir de Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 59, 731 (1962). 

Camphausen, R.T., R.L. Jones, and P.J. Brennan A glycolipid Antigen Specific to Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. Structure and Antigenicity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 82, 3068 (1985). 

In contrast to orf, brucellosis infection has developed in humans following self-injection with live brucella vaccine. In the USA, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) received reports of 26 cases through passive surveillance and 21 of these had suffered needle stick injuries with contaminated needles used for animal vaccination, 4 had received conjunctival spray exposure and one individual had contamination through an open wound. There were no cases of brucellosis in these subjects. There is currently insufficient data to determine if the strain involved can cause systemic brucellosis in humans. " Self-injection with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis bacterin (Johne s disease bacterin) produced only minor local reactions. 

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