Methanol flash point

In methanol—formaldehyde—water solutions, increasing the concentration of either methanol or formaldehyde reduces the volatility of the other. Vapor-hquid-equihbrium data (8,27) for several methanolic formaldehyde solutions ate given in Table 2. The flash point varies with composition, decreasing from 83 to 60°C as the formaldehyde and methanol concentrations increase (17,18). 

Like brines, alcohols were readily available and widely used as antifreeze Hquids in the early 1900s. Both methanol and ethanol offer exceUent heat transfer and efficient freeze point depression. However, the alcohols have the distinct disadvantage of their low boiling points. During the summer months when the engines operate hot, significant amounts of the alcohols are lost because of evaporation. These evaporative losses result in cosdy make-up requirements. Additionally, the alcohols have very low flash points and potentially flammable vapors. These safety concerns have, particularly in recent years, caused the use of alcohols to be completely discontinued for most heat-transfer systems. 

Nature produces a tremendous amount of methyl aleohol, simply by the fermentation of wood, grass, and other materials made to some degree of eellulose. In faet, methyl aleohol is known as wood aleohol, along with names sueh as wood spirits and methanol (its proper name the proper names of all aleohols end in -ol). Methyl aleohol is a eolorless liquid with a eharaeteristie aleohol odor. It has a flash point of 54°F, and is highly toxie. It has too many eommereial uses to list here, but among them are as a denaturant for ethyl alcohol (the addition of the toxie ehemieal methyl aleohol to ethyl aleohol in order to form denatured aleohol), antifreezes, gasoline additives, and solvents. No further substitution of hydroxyl radieals is performed on methyl aleohol. 

Fire Hazards - Flash Point (deg. F) 182 CC (based on solution of 37 % fonnaldehyde and Methanol free), 122 CC (based on solution with 15 % Methanol) Flammable Limits in Air (%) 7.0 - 73 Fire Extinguishing Ageras Water, diy chemical, carbon dioxide, or alcohol foam Fire Extinguishing Agents Not To Be Used No data or recommendations found Special Hazards of Combustion Products Toxic vapors form Behavior in Fire Not pertinent Ignition Temperature (deg. F) 806 Electrical Hazard Not pertinent Burning Rate Not pertinent. 

Some organic compounds can be in solution with water and the mixture may still be a flammable mixture. The vapors above these mixtures such as ethanol, methanol, or acetone can form flammable mixtures with air. Bodurtha [39] and Albaugh and Pratt [47] discuss the use of Raoult s law (activity coefficients) in evaluating the effects. Figures 7-52A and B illustrate the vapor-liquid data for ethyl alcohol and the flash point of various concentrations, the shaded area of flammability limits, and the UEL. Note that some of the plots are calculated and bear experimental data verification. 

Alcohols such as methanol and ethanol are readily available and are occasionally used despite significant disadvantages, such as low boiling points. During summer months significant amounts of alcohol can be lost due to evaporation. Such losses lead to costly replacement of the additive. Furthermore, alcohols have low flash points, which may cause safety problems. Moreover, methanol is highly poisonous. Therefore, the use of alcohols has ceased almost completely in recent years. 

Ethylene glycol is not as active in depression of the freezing point as methanol, but it has a very low vapor pressure evaporation loss in a coolant system is due more to the evaporation of water than to the evaporazation of ethylene glycol. Furthermore, the flammability problem is literally eliminated. 1 1 mixtures of ethylene glycol and water do not exhibit a flash point at all. 

Methanol has a flash point of 54°F, and its vapor pressure at this temperature is 62 mm Hg. What is the flash point of a solution containing 75% methanol and 25% water by weight ... 

The British, French Italians during WWII used mixtures of heavy and light petroleum distillates with a density of about 0.86 at 15°. The Germans used various mixtures of petroleum distillates, coal tar fractions, and sometimes such liquids as methanol, acetone or even ether. The density of such mixtures was usually about 0.96 at 15°. One of the first American mixtures contained 70% water-gas tar (flash point 122° and d 1,044) and 30% "benzene heads (fl p 26° and d 0.756). The resulting mixture had d 1.02. 

Formaldehyde Solution — Fire Hazards Flash Point (deg. F) 182 CC (based on solution of 37 % formaldehyde and Methanol free), 122 CC (based on solution with 15 % Methanol) Flammable... 

Methyl alcohol (methanol, wood alcohol, CH3OH boiling point 64.7°C, density 0.7866, flash point 110°C) is a colorless, mobile liquid with a mild characteristic odor (and narcotic properties) that is miscible in all proportions with water, ethyl alcohol, or ether. When ignited, methyl alcohol burns in air with a pale blue, transparent flame, producing water and carbon dioxide. The vapor forms an explosive mixture with air. The upper explosive limit is 36.5% and the lower limit is 6.0% by volume in air. 

Methyl tertiary butyl ether (methyl-r-butyl ether, MTBE boiling point 55°C, flash point -30°C) has excited considerable interest because it is a good octane enhancer for gasoline (it blends as if it had a research octane number of 115 to 135). It also offers a method of selectively removing isobutylene from a mixed C4 stream, thus enabling the recovery of high-purity butene-1. Furthermore, methyl tertiary butyl ether can be isolated, then cracked to yield highly pure iso-butylene and methanol. 

Dimethyl Dicarbonate occurs as a clear, colorless liquid. Its solubility in water is 35 g/L at 20° with decomposition, its melting point is about 17°, and its flash point is 85°. It reacts quantitatively with water, producing carbon dioxide and methanol. 

A flammable chemical substance is a solid, liquid, vapor, or gas that ignites easily and burns rapidly in air. Many of the flammable chemicals used in laboratories are flammable liquids and organic solvents. The vapors of these chemical substances form ignitable mixtures with air. Based on the flash points of these chemicals, classifications are made. The flash point of a chemical substance is defined as the lowest temperature at which a fuel-air mixture present above the surface of a liquid will ignite, if an ignition source is present. The common flammable chemical substances include, but are not restricted to, acetone, benzene, cyclohexane, ethanol, ethyl acetate, ethyl ether, gasoline, hexane, isopropyl alcohol, methanol, propanol, tetrahydro-furan and toluene, and xylene. 

The physico-chemical properties of the oil samples were measured according to ASTM methods density D 369 kinematic viscosity- modified D 445-88 [9], flash point D-93 gross calorific value D4809 water content D-1744 and ash content D 482. The apparent viscosity was measured using a Brookfield viscometer, LVDV III+. The content of the methanol insoluble materials (MIM) was determined according to the method described by Oasmaa et al. [13],... 

JCME has a flash point over 100 °C higher than that of kerosene, and over 70 °C higher than that of diesel No.2. This high flash point of 147 °C gives an indication of the absence of volatile compounds, such as residual methanol. It also complies with the ASTM Standard for biodiesel D6751, which requires that pure biodiesel has a minimum flash point of 130 °C. 

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