Medicinal pastes

Grunweller, A. et al. 2005. RNA interference as a gene-specific approach for molecular medicine past and future perspectives of synthetic peptide libraries. Curr. Med. Chem. 12, 3143-3161. 

Crellin, J., and Philpott, J. Herbal Medicine Past and Present, vol. 2. Durham, NC Duke University Press,... 

Marshmallow originated in France as a medicinal paste called Pate de Guimauve. Its common name comes from the fact it was produced using the viscous juice extracted from the roots of the marsh mallow plant. Althaea officinalis. This extract was mixed with eggs and sugar and then beaten into a light fluffy foam (Lees and Jackson, 1973). Nowadays, marshmallow is an... 

A medicinal paste containing a variety of substances such as garlic, mustard seed... 

V.P. Shastri, Non-degradable biocompatible polymers in medicine past, present, and future, Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol. 4 (5) (2003) 331-337. 

President, International Union for Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine Past President, International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering and Professor and Chair, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Germany... 

Levine, S.D., D.W. Hahn, M.L. Cotter, F.C. Greenslade, R.M. Kanojia, S.A. Pasquale, M. Wachter, and J.L. McGuire The Mexican plant zoapatle (Montanoa tomentosa) in reproductive medicine. Past, present and future. Journal of Reproductive Medicine 26, 524 (1981). 

Uses and Economic Aspects. Magnesium bromide is used in medicine as a sedative in treatment of nervous disorders, in electrolyte paste for magnesium dry cells, and as a reagent in organic synthesis reactions. The price of magnesium bromide hexahydrate in January 1995 was 5.51/kg (33). 

Bay Oil. Steam distillation of the leaves of the tree Pimenta racemosa (Mill) which is indigenous to certain islands of the West Indies, particularly Dominica and Puerto Rico, is called bay or bay leaf oil. The same source was used in the past to produce Bay Rum in which mm was distilled over the leaves. Bay oil [8006-78-8] is a yellowish to dark brown mobile Hquid with a fresh-spicy, sometimes medicinal odor with a lasting sweet-balsamic undertone. The oil finds extensive use in hair tonics, after-shave lotions as well as other men s-type fragrances. There is Htde or no use by the flavor industry. The range of components for a number of bay leaf oils is shown in Table 25 (66). 

Pharmaceutical Applications. Sucrose has a long history in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. It imparts body to symps and medicinal hquids and masks unpleasant tastes. Sucrose also functions as a diluent to control dmg concentrations in medicines, as an ingredient binder for tablets, and to impart chewiness to the latter. Sustained-release medications and protective tablet glazes are prepared using sucrose (41). Sucrose-based sugar pastes are used to promote wound healing (58). 

Bithionol and hexachlorophene have been used as anthelmintics in veterinary medicine. In the past, because of its antibacterial activity, bithionol was incorporated into at least 20 medicated skin cleansers manufactured in the United States however, this agent proved to cause skin irritation, and its use as an antibacterial cleanser was discontinued. 

N.P. Dikiy, A.N. Dovbnya, N.A. Skakun, V.L. Uvarov, M.A. Khazhmuradov, B.I. Shramenko, Use of accelerators in geology, medicine, isotopes production and atomic power energetic. Problems of Atomic Science and Technology (PAST), Nuclear Physics Investigation Series, 2001, No. 1, pp. 26-35. 

For the past few years, however, there has been a hiatus in the pace of discovery of novel medicinal agents. It has been postulated by some that the field has now slowed down due to the limitations of the almost strictly empirical approach that has been applied to date to drug development. It is possible, too, that the higher standards of efficacy and safety that a new drug must meet today, combined with the enormously increased costs of clinical trials, have acted to keep all but the most promising new drugs off the market. 

Each era of medicinal chemistry has been marked by intensive concentration on some structural type in a large number of laboratories. One need only look back in this book to the tables of sulfonamides, barbiturates, and thiazide diuretics, noting the small time span covered by the references to each list. The benzodiazepines have provided such a focus for the past decade. 

Commercial applications for polysaccharides include their use as food additives, medicines and industrial products. Although plant polysaccharides (such as starch, agar and alginate) have been exploited commercially for many years, microbial exopolysaccharides have only become widely used over the past few decades. The diversity of polysaccharide structure is far greater in micro-organisms compared to plants and around 20 microbial polysaccharides with market potential have been described. However, microorganisms are still considered to be a rich and as yet underexploited source of exopolysaccharides. 

Your neighbor, Mr. Peterson, tells you that he has had a chronic cough for the past several months and asks you what the best cough medicine to buy is. Describe the advice you would give to Mr. Peterson. 

Medicine has made major advances in the past 50 or so years partly by the use of devices to improve patient health. These devices include artificial hearts and pacemakers, machines for artificial kidney dialysis, replacement joints for hips, knees, and fingers, and intraocular lenses. These devices need to survive in sustained contact with blood or living tissue. 

It is worth noting that the past few years have witnessed tremendous development of web-based information resources. Notably, the PubMed search tool [4] has made the investigation of any life sciences topic much easier. It offers keyword and author (as well as structure and sequence) searches and covers a wide range of medicinal chemistry-related journals. This resource, coupled with e-journals, affords the medicinal chemist the tools to keep up with any research topics of interest. Because of the public nature of the Web, now a chemist can sometimes find critical journal articles on the Web that do not show up until much later in traditional literature sources. It is not uncommon that scientific meeting presentations can be found on the Web. Indeed, the Internet tools we have all become familiar with also have made the professional life of the medicinal chemist much easier. 

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