Mass spectrometry HPLC-ESI

G.C. Mattem, C.I. Nuessle, D.L. Green, W.M. Leimkuehler, J.D. Philpot, RJ. Ness, and K.S. Billesbach, Accelerated field residue analysis of tebuconazole using Soxtec extraction and HPLC/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS-MS), Presented at the Midwest Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Osage Beach, MO, October 29, 1997. 

Phenolic and antioxidant substances have usually studied in red wines, however, recently, interest has increased in the study of bioactive phenolics in white wines Frega et al. [374] isolated and measured concentration of ethyl caffeoate in Verdicchio white wine by HPLC-tandem-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) and they also determined its effects on hepatic stellate cells and intracellular peroxidation. The resnlts were interesting in the light of other studies demonstrating the relationship between reactive oxygen species, chronic liver injury, and hepatic fibrosis. 

Xu P, Li HD, Chen BM et al (2008) Determination of mianserin in human plasma by high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI/ MS) application to a bioequivalence study in Chinese volunteers. J Pharm Biomed Anal 47 994-999... 

Chemical analysis of hair samples may also provide a method for examining chronic mycotoxin exposures. In 2003, Sewram et al. (2003) reported that human hair testing could be used to detect fumonisins. After extraction and clean up, high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) was able to detect fumonisin Bi, fumonisin B2, and fumonisin B3 from human hair samples (Sewram et al., 2003). However, these were... 

Strege summarized the technique of high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) in dereplication of natural products. In contrast to earlier electron impact ionization (El), ESI technique is applicable to virtually any ion in solution with a soft ionization process. A comparison of ESI with fast atom bombardment (FAB), matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI), atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and other techniques demonstrates its superior sensitivity, compatibility and reliability when coupled with HPLC [51]. 

Riching, E., Herderich, M., and Schreier, P., High performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandum mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS-MS) for the analysis of heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAA), Chromatographia, 42, 7-11, 1996. 

Gan-Schreier, H. Okun, J.G. Kohlmueller, D. Langhans, C.D. Peters, V. Ten Brink, H.J. Verhoeven, N.M. Jakobs, C. Voelkl, A. Hoffmann, G.F. Measurement of bile acid CoA esters by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). J. Mass Spectrom. 2005, 40 (7), 882-889. 

FIGURE 1.11 High-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) of (a) daidzin, (b) daidzein, (c) genistin, and (d) genistein obtained at low-cone voltages. Reprinted from Barnes, S., Coward, L., Kirk, M., and Sfakianos, J., Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 217, 254-262, 1998b. 

Notes LOD, limit of detection MeOH, methanol EtOH, ethanol ACN, acetonitrile EtAC, ethyl acetate SPE, solid phase extraction HLB (hydrophilic lipophilic balanced) TFA, trifluoroacetic acid GC, gas chromatography TMS, trimethylsilyl MS, mass spectrometry HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography DAD, diode array detector NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance ESI, electrospray ionization APCI, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization CE, capillary electrophoresis ECD, electrochemical detector CD, conductivity detector TLC, thin layer chromatography PDA, photodiode array detector. 

Liu W, Cai HL, Li HD (2007) High performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/ESI) method for simultaneous determination of venlafaxine and its three metabolites in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Anal Technol Biomed Life Sci 850 405-411... 

For unambiguous confirmation in samples containing OTA higher than 0.2ng/Ml, HPLC-electrospray ionization and ion trap mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS) were used (Medina et al., 2006). Analysis was performed with a C18 HPLC column, confirmation was based on the protonated molecule [M + H]+ at m/z 404 and the most abundant... 

One of the most powerful techniques used in Upid analysis today is HPLC coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS). Several mass spectrometric ionization techniques, such as fast atom bombardment (FAB) [23], electrospray ionization (ESI) [29,30], ionspray ionization (ISI) [31], and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) [22,30,32] have been used. By using HPLC/MS, one can get information on the molecular structure of the intact lipids, which helps differentiate molecular species within different lipid classes. By using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), identification of molecular species of different sphingolipids can be achieved in an easier and more sensitive way. There are many other advantages of using MS, such as small sample size, minimal sample preparation, and lack of need for derivatization, speeds, and sensitivity. In the literature, sphingolipids of both animal and plant origin were analyzed by MS. 

Automated in-tube solid-phase microextraction (SPME) has recently been coupled with liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS), e. g. for the determination of drugs in urine [60, 62]. In-tube SPME is an extraction technique in which analytes are extracted from the sample directly into an open tubular capillary by repeated draw/eject cycles of sample solution. The analyte is then desorbed with methanol and transferred to an analytical HPLC-column. 

Detection methods HPLC-DAD, HPLC with diode-array detection. HPLC-(ESI-MS), HPLC with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. RP-HPLC, revcrsed-phase HPLC. UPLC/Q-TOFMS, UPLC with quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry. HPLC-APCI-MS, HPLC with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. CE-IT-MS, capillary elecliophoresis-ion-1r mass spectrometry. LC-ESI-ITMS, liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry. LC-ELSD, LC with evaporative light scattering detector. DNBZ-Cl, 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride. 

This review provides an up-to-date overview of the application of analytical procedures based on MS for the characterization of organic natural materials in archaeological and historical objects. Applications that feature the use of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), Py-GC/MS, high performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS), and direct MS analysis such as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and direct exposure mass spectrometry (DE-MS) are sununarized to highlight the different information provided by each of the various analytical approaches. Case studies and examples are also presented and include a description of the molecular markers and of the molecular profiles that are used to identify the original materials. 

I-IV) by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and electrospray mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS) [22],... 

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