Dating overview

Figure 1. Dating methods employed by archaeologists (e.g., for an up-to-date overview of dating methods applied to human evolution see Griin et al., in press). Also shown is the radimentary chronology of human evolution for the last million years.

For an excellent although somewhat dated overview see "Chemical Ecology" Sondheimer, E., Simeone, J. B., Eds., Academic Press New York, 1970. 

The technology and chemistry of isoalkane-alkene alkylation have been thoroughly reviewed for both liquid and solid acid catalysts (15) and for solid acid catalysts alone (16). The intention of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview of the alkylation reaction with both liquid and solid acids as catalysts. The focus is on the similarities and differences between the liquid acid catalysts on one hand and solid acid catalysts, especially zeolites, on the other. Thus, the reaction mechanism, the physical properties of the individual catalysts, and their consequences for successful operation are reviewed. The final section is an overview of existing processes and new process developments utilizing solid acids. 

In this book of the series, a more traditional area of research in the field of renewable resonrces is discnssed. It is indeed a long-standing topic to utilize wood for a vast number of applications however, it is a very active and changing field of research. The modification of wood needs to be compatible with the increasing demands at the environmental level, the social role of forests and woods and the technical characteristics needed to create certain materials. This book certainly paves the way to give the professional reader a taste of this area and offers an np-to-date overview of the different kinds of modification and the impact on the dnrability of the materials. 

Nature Publishing Group. Encyclopedia of life sciences, http //www.els.net [an Internet encyclopedia with up-to-date overview articles in every field of biochemistry and cell biology]. 

An up-to-date overview is presented on the NMR parameters which are indicative of the configuration of organic molecules (Section 4.1.1.). The subsequent sections are devoted to... 

This chapter provides a general, complete, and up-to-date overview of the topic of quality of analytical measurements in the wide sense of the word. It is useful for the completely inexperienced scientist as well as those involved in this topic for a long time who have lost their way in the labyrinth and are looking for more explanation on a particular aspect or deeper insight and knowledge. 

The focus of this book is centered on structure, nomenclature and occurrence of phenolic compounds (Chapter 1), and their chemical properties (Chapter 2). Chapter 3 describes the biosynthetic pathways leading to the major classes of phenolics. This chapter presents an up-to-date overview of the genetic approaches that have been used to elucidate these pathways. Chapter 4 presents an overview of methods for the isolation and identification of plant phenolic compounds. Given that much of the recent... 

Edited by Mark Tibbett, a soil microbiologist and David Carter, a forensic scientist, this unique resource provides an up-to-date overview of fundamental scientific principles and methods used in forensic taphonomy from a soils-based perspective. It provides an understanding of the processes at work, as well as practical methods and advice for those involved with active investigation. 

The Comprehensive Organic Functional Group Transformations series includes up-to-date overviews of the synthesis of thioaldehydes and thioke-tones [12], thionoesters [13], dithioesters [14], and thioamides [15, 16]. 

In summary, the present issue of Advances in Chemical Engineering Volume 36 offers an up-to-date overview and discussion of principles and applications of photo catalytic reaction engineering. Altogether, Volume 36 is an invitation to reflect on the possibilities of photocatalysis as a promising technology for green reaction engineering. 

This book is also aimed at presenting a broad outline of the recent scope of the application of this separative strategy and at establishing order in the complex welter of IPC separations. Many outstanding recent reports were selected for inclusion in this book to prove the substantial and practical potential of IPC in the life sciences, medicine, pharmacology, forensic, food, and environmental sectors, as well as to provide an up-to date overview of this chromatographic method. 

Reviews in the Current Opinion and the Trends series offer concise and up-to-date overviews on various subjects. In addition, the following journals contain regular short reviews or mini-reviews ... 

It is the goal of this chapter to provide an up-to-date overview of the applications of infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry to the study of stratum comeum barrier function. The reader is referred to previous, excellent reviews of the literature upon which this article has its foundation [23-27]. 

The results of routine measurements at various stations are evaluated and can be fed into a computerized network in which all the data are collected. By suitable programs such as IMIS (integrated measuring and information system for the surveillance of environmental radioactivity) the data can be evaluated further to give, at any time, an up-to-date overview of the radioactivity in various regions of the country. 

The book is divided into five sections starting with a historical perspective and fundamental aspects on the synthesis and recognition by imprinted polymers. The second section contains eight up-to-date overview chapters on current approaches to molecular and ion imprinting. This is followed by two chapters on new material morphologies and, in the last two sections, various analytical applications of imprinted polymers are given, with the last four chapters devoted to the promising field of imprinted polymers in chemical sensors. 

Electrodialysis with bipolar membranes (EDBMs) [23] was applied recently to the production of mineral and organic acids [24-36], inhibition of enzymatic browning [37-39], and separation of protein [40-44]. These applications are based on water dissociation at the interface of a bipolar membrane (BPM) coupled with monopolar membrane action. A recent up-to-date overview gives the possibilities and the economic relevance of BPM technology [45]. 

For an up-to-date overview of developments in the field of MRCI methods, see H. Lischka,... 

The school that was held at the Ettore Majorana Foundation and Center for Scientific Culture (EMFCSC), Erice (Sicily), in July 2005, aimed to provide an up-to-date overview of almost all technical advances of computer simulation in statistical mechanics, giving a fair glimpse of the domains of interesting applications. Full details on the school programme and participants, plus some additional material, are available at its Web site, http //cscm2005. unimore. it... 

The initial broad effort established basic foundations and served for further expansion while the principal tenets have remained valid to date. When reported in the open literature, the new large pore materials immediately attracted attention of the scientific community, especially in catalysis and adsorption fields. Subsequent effort by many groups led to unforeseen expansion not only in terms of the overall effort and abundance of materials and phenomena but also new directions pursued. There is probably close to 10,000 publications on the subject [1], This presentation will focus primarily on fundamental concepts and ideas related to synthesis. For detailed and comprehensive treatments one is referred to the review publications that have been appearing regularly [13-20], For up-to-date overview of state of the art several recent reviews are especially recommended [17-20]. 

Nearly eight years have passed since we the First Edition of Enzyme Catalysis in Organic Synthesis" was issued but much of what we had written in its preface then still applies today. The application of biocatalysis in organic synthesis is a powerful technique. It has grown steadily and today this field is well-established in both academia and industry. With increasing application and acceptance the need for a comprehensive and up to date overview of the state of the art has grown. In addition numerous colleagues have approached us and asked for an update of the Handbook . 

Physicochemical Aspects of Food Engineering and Processing covers the engineering, processing, and quality angles equally. It is an extremely useful resource for academic and industrial researchers seeking an up-to-date overview of the increasingly important combination of both sides of food research and development. 

In recent years a tremendous amount of work has been performed in this area and many processes have been commercialized. Tanabe and Holderich [4] have published an up-to-date overview of many of these processes and so no attempt will be made to give a broad overview of Friedel-Crafts-related chemistries here. Besides the Tanabe and Holderich paper, reviews on more fundamental aspects are also available [1,2]. An approach we consider more worthwhile is to illustrate the large potential of (modified) zeolite catalysts have in this important field of chemistry through a few illuminating examples. This is a growing field of research with large potential also for the production of fine chemicals. 

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