Marketing requirements chapter

Previously in the feasibility study (Chapter 2) the appropriate purity of the final product should have been established. The product purity must be dictated by the customer (market) requirements. In some... 

Complexity in chemical regulation is also likely to increase because the forces that drive it are still there. Experts continue to research new pathways, continue to develop new tests, or further refine exposure models. The main purpose of maintaining a competitive internal chemical market requires general rules, rather than case-by-case judgement. Every compromise over assessment procedures is embedded in new protocols. Furthermore, societal, including industry interests (see Chapters 15 and 16), are bound to further drive the complexity of regulation as each new controversy tends to add new rules to existing ones. 

Very interesting results were reported by Rocchia et al. (2003). Experiments carried out by the authors of this chapter showed that, with a surface modification by 3-amino-1-propanol, one can fabricate PSi-based conductometric devices that are sensitive to CO. Unfortunately, the chemical nature of the surface species both before and after the binding of CO is not clear at this time. In addition, the detection limit given in this work is still far from market requirements, but the reversibility and low cost of this system represents a starting point for future development of PSi-based CO gas sensors. 

In some market segments, particularly the consumer market, green technology is an important product differentiator or even a market requirement. This chapter also introduces halogen-free laminates in Sec. 27.2. 

Abstract Cereals are the most widely grown arable crops in the EU. Wheat accounts for just under 50% of the cereal area followed by barley and grain maize (southern Europe). Other cereals grown to a limited extent include oats and rye. This chapter outlines the identification features, market requirements and husbandry of the main cereals crops... 

Complete analysis requires an assessment of cash and synthetic markets together. Chapter 19 describes credit analysis and how investors can measure bond return and relative value. 

We conclude this chapter with an illustration of the OAS technique. Consider a five-year semiannual corporate bond with a coupon of 8 percent. The bond incorporates a call feature that allows the issuer to call it after two years and is currently priced at 104.25. This is equivalent to a yield-to-maturity of 6.979 percent. We wish to measure the value of the call feature to the issuer, and we can do this using the OAS technique. Assume that a five-year Treasury security also exists with a coupon of 8 percent and is priced at 109.11, a yield of 5.797 percent. The higher yield reflects the market-required premium due to the corporate bond s default risk and call feature. 

Rapid chromatographic separations require that the mobile phase carrying the solutes must move with high flow-rates. Therefore it is usually forced through appropriate microparticulate columns under pressure. Until recently only silica-based supports were commercially available however, in the last few years a number of purpose-designed synthetic hydrophilic gels have been launched in the market. This chapter will focus attention upon the properties, synthesis, packing and applications of HPAC adsorbents. 

Additional eonsiderations, e.g. relating to labelling, information supply and emergeney proeedures, arise when marketing and transporting ehemieals. While - as with Chapter 13 and with eontrol measures generally - what is required will vary with speeifie legislation and basie requirements are summarized in Chapters 14 and 15. 

The chapter on Radioactive chemicals (Chapter 11) has been updated. Considerations of safety in design (Chapter 12) are presented separately from systems of work requirements, i.e. Operating procedures (Chapter 13). Tlie considerations for Marketing and transportation of hazardous chemicals are now addressed in two separate chapters (Chapters 14 and 15). Chemicals and the Environment are now also covered in two chapters (Chapters 16 and 17) to reflect the requirement that the impact of chemicals on the environment should be properly assessed, monitored and controlled. Although a substantial contribution to atmospheric pollution is made by emissions from road vehicles and other means of transport, and this is now strictly legislated for, this topic is outside the scope of this text. Chapter 18 provides useful conversion factors to help with the myriad of units used internationally. 

You may find that the only way you can put your product on the market is by having it tested by an independent test authority. You may need a license to manufacture it or to supply it to certain countries and this may only be granted after independent certification. Some verification requirements only apply to the type of product/service, others to the process or each batch of product, and others to each product or service delivery. Some requirements can only be verified under actual conditions of use. Others can be verified by analysis or similarity with other products that have been thoroughly tested (see Part 2 Chapter 4). The range is so widespread it is not possible in this book to explore all examples, but as you can see, this small and innocuous requirement contains... 

Plastic films represent the largest worldwide market for plastics with practically all extruded (6). They are used to meet different performance requirements particularly for its major packaging market. Worldwide just for biaxial oriented (Chapter 8) polypropylene consumption is about 5 /2 billion lb. Their use includes tape, food, tobacco, and confectionery. Thermoforming film (and extruded sheets) is a major processing technique producing all kinds of products. 

With the growth of plastic use in containers and packages, requirements to make them more compatible or useful resulted in new developments occuring and continue to occur. The two major approaches for providing permeability resistance in plastic containers involve chemically modifying the plastics surfaces and, more important from a marketing standpoint, the use of barrier plastics with nonbarrier types to meet cost-to-performance requirements. This is achieved through coextrusion, coinjection, corotation, and other such processes (Chapter 8). 

The previous chapters examined the process for the development and authorisation of a drug product containing a ne v active ingredient for human use. This represents the most arduous path to market for any medicinal product. This chapter proceeds to examine the process of bringing a veterinary medicinal product to market. While the process shares most of the principles that apply to human drugs, there are some additional features that are unique to veterinary products. These include methods of use and the requirement to evaluate vithdra val periods and maximum residue limits in food-producing species. 

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