Other cereals

The germ or embryo is very rich in protein ca. 250 g/kg DM), low in fibre, and an excellent source of thiamin and vitamin E. It may be collected separately or may be allowed to flow on to the fine wheat feed by-product. 

Fine wheat feed varies considerably in composition, depending on the original grist and the extraction rate. The crude protein content is generally within the range 160-210 g/kg DM and the crude fibre content about 40-100 g/kg DM. Fine wheat feed can be safely used for all classes of farm animals and levels up to 30 per cent can be used satisfactorily in diets for finishing pigs. 

Coarse wheat feed, or bran, contains more fibre and less protein than fine wheat feed and has always been a popular food for horses. It is not considered to be a suitable food for pigs and poultry because of its high fibre content. However, very httle bran is now available for feeding animals, as most of it is used in the preparation of breakfast cereals. 

Rice Oryza sativa), the main cereal crop of eastern and southern Asia, requires a subtropical or warm temperate climate, and little is grown in Europe north of latitude 49°. 

when threshed, has a thick fibrous husk or hull like that of oats, and in this state is known as rough rice. The hull amounts to some 20 per cent of the total weight and is rich in silica. The hull is easily removed to leave a product known as brown rice. Brown rice is still invested in the bran, which may be removed with the aleurone layer and the germ by skinning and polishing, thus producing polished rice. 

Com endosperm, with the germ removed, is ground to grist for corn porridge Polenta) and into com flour for flat cakes (tortillas). Corn flakes are made from cooked and sweetened corn slurry, by drying, flaking and toasting. Similar products are made from millet, rice and oats. 

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Starch is insoluble in cold water, but in hot water the granules gelatinize to form an opalescent dispersion. It is made from corn, wheat, potatoes, rice and other cereals by various physical processes such as steeping, milling and sedimentation. It is used as an adhesive, for sizing paper and cloth, as an inert diluent in foods and drugs, and for many other purposes. 

Com, wheat, and rice are the most desirable common grains and are used extensively ia pet foods. Oats and barley often tend to have excess fiber, which can be objectionable. However, barley is a preferred grain for moisture absorption and form ia caimed foods because the turgid white form is desired ia some canned dog foods. Milo has enormous variations ia tannin content which can influence digestibiUty and acceptabiUty, thus limiting its use ia pet foods (see Wheat and other cereal grains). 

Sugared cereals are often packaged in aluminum foil or barrier plastic, eg, ethylene vinyl alcohol, laminations to retard water vapor and flavor transmission (see Wheat and other cereal grains). 

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