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Alival Marital Alival Psicronizer Marital Neurolene Nomival... 

A number of psychosocial treatments for alcohol and other substance use disorders exist and are widely used. In this chapter, we discuss six of these psychotherapies as they are applied to alcohol, cocaine, and opioid dependence brief interventions, motivational enhancement therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, behavioral treatments (including contingency management and community reinforcement approaches), behavioral marital therapy, and 12-step facilitation. We also describe studies that examined the efficacy of a medication in combination with one or more of the six psychotherapies. In the second section of the chapter, we highlight research that directly studied the interaction between psychosocial and pharmacological treatments. 

O Farrell TJ, Cutter HSG, Choquette KA, et al Behavioral marital therapy for male alcoholics marital and drinking adjustment during the two years after treatment. 

O Farrell TJ, Choquette KA, Cutter HS, et al Cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analyses of behavioral marital therapy as an addition to outpatient alcoholism treatment. Subst Abuse 8 145-166, 1996... 

Depression occurring as part of bipolar disorder may be severe and accompanied by ideas of guilt and hopelessness, an inability to function at work because of poor concentration and psychomotor retardation or agitation, poor judgement and suicidal ideation. The lifelong risk of suicide in people with this condition is as high as 15%. Factors associated with suicide risk include alcohol misuse, marital separation or divorce, living alone and unemployment, and these are all common secondary consequences of the illness. 

Patients were classified into PCP abusers or users by applying DSM-III criteria to the history obtained from the admission interview. The 42 PCP-positive patients broke down into 20 PCP abusers and 22 PCP users. All 14 patients who gave a history of PCP use, but had negative urine assays, were considered nonabusers. The PCP abusers were significantly younger (32 vs. 40 years) and had more prior arrests (2 vs. 1) than the users, but did not differ in race, education level, marital status, or employment status. 

Married, currently separated denies tobacco and illicit drug use typically drinks a 12-pack of beer daily and several shots of tequila use has recently increased due to depression over marital separation... 

Approximately one-third of patients with MDD do not respond satisfactorily to their first antidepressant medication.37 In such cases, the clinician must evaluate the adequacy of antidepressant therapy, including dosage, duration, and patient compliance.17 Treatment reappraisal also should include verification of the patient s diagnosis and reconsideration of clinical factors that could be impeding successful therapy, such as concurrent medical conditions (e.g., thyroid disorder), comorbid psychiatric conditions (e.g., alcohol abuse), and psychosocial issues (e.g., marital stress).16... 

Although ADHD generally is considered a childhood disorder, symptoms can persist into adolescence and adulthood. The prevalence of adulthood ADHD is estimated to be 4%, with 60% of adults having manifested symptoms of ADHD from childhood.8,9 Further, problems associated with ADHD (e.g., social, marital, academic, career, anxiety, depression, smoking, and substance-abuse problems) increase with the transition of patients into adulthood. 

Emotional lability and impaired self-control ° Poor marital and socioeconomic performance... 

ED is not a life-threatening condition, but left untreated it can be associated with depression, loss of self-esteem, poor self-image, and marital discord.11 The primary goal of therapy is achievement of erections suitable for intercourse and improvement in patient quality of life. Additionally, the ideal therapy should have minimal side effects, be convenient to administer, have a quick onset of action, and have few or no drug interactions.7... 

Although it has received the most attention, CBT is not the only form of psychotherapy that is effective for depression. Other psychological treatments include interpersonal psychotherapy, short-term psychodynamic therapy and non-directive supportive therapy. Interpersonal psychotherapy focuses on problems that arise in interpersonal relationships, such as marital conflict, the loss of a loved one and social isolation.20 Short-term psychodynamic therapy focuses on acquiring insight and understanding of unresolved conflicts arising from the person s childhood. It is based on Freud s psychoanalytic theory, but requires only months, rather than the years it takes for a full psychoanalysis.21 Non-directive supportive therapy provides a warm, supportive atmosphere in which the depressed person can explore life issues... 

However, Lin et al. (1996) stated that the study conclusion may be limited by the inability to control for some confounders such as marital status or contraceptive use. 

Jordi Benet-Buchholz, Roland Boese, Thomas Haumann and Marit Traetteberg... 

Jordi Benet-Buchholz, Roland Boese, Thomas Haumann and Marit Traetteberg TABLE 19. Structure parameters for six-membered ring alkylidenecycloalkenes (distances in A)... 

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