Pathological reaction

Continued lung injury from inhalation of particulates, whatever their source, size, or composition, produces inflammation (alveolitis, bronchitis), and perhaps eventually fibrosis, a pathological reaction that distorts the architecture of the airways (Lippman et al., 1971). Lung function is compro-... 

Kasprzak KS, Marchow L, Breborowicz J. 1973. Pathological reactions in rat lungs following intratracheal injection of nickel subsulfrde and 3,4-benzopyrene. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 6 237-245. 

Unresolved bereavements, multiple bereavements or other major losses with pathological reactions. 

The complement system is a humoral effector of inflammation which is activated by a cascade mechanism through the classical and/or alternative pathway [62]. Activation of the system is normally beneficial for the host. However, excessive activation may evoke pathological reaction in a variety of immunological and degenerative diseases and hyperacute rejection in transplantation. Therefore, the modulation of complement activity should be useful in the therapy of inflammatory diseases. 

Long circulating liposomes can exploit the EPR effect to accumulate at sites where pathological reactions occur. For example, the commercial product Doxil (marketed as Caelyx in Europe) consists of smallsized PEGylated liposomes, encapsulating the cytostatic doxorubicin. The resulting long circulation times and small size of the vesicles facilitate their accumulation in tumor tissue via the EPR effect. 

Ashcroft T, Heppleston AG. 1973. The optical and electron microscopic determination of pulmonary asbestos fibre concentration and its relation to the human pathological reaction. J Clin Pathol 26 224-234. 

Magee F, Wright JL, Chan N, Currie W, Karr G, Hogg J, Thurlbeck WM. Two unusual pathological reactions to nitrofurantoin case reports. Histopathology 1986 10(7) 701-6. 

Hagkett RL and Sunderman FW Jr (1967) Acute pathological reactions to administration of nickel carbonyl. Arch Environ Health 14 604-613. 

Knight JA, Plowman MC, Hopeee SM and Sun-DEEMAN FW Je (1991) Pathological reactions in lung, liver, thymus, and spleen of rats after subacute parenteral administration of nickel sulfate. Ann Clin Lab Sci 21 275-283. 

Physicians fear pathological reactions to chemical stabilizers. Accurate research and analyses [6] have revealed that medical UHMW PE, just like technically stabilized UHMW PE, is enriched with calcium stearate as corrosion protection for the compression molds. It was also determined that UHMW PE still contains 10 mg of residual traces of precipitant (diesel oil) from the synthetic process prior to implantation, which after 9 years of in vivo implantation is reduced to 1 mg [6] and has therefore permeated into the body. 

Engel WK. (1966) The multiplicity of pathologic reactions of human skeletal muscle. In Luthy F, Bischoff A (eds). Proceedings of the 5th International Congress of Neurology. Excerpta Medica Foundation, Amsterdam, pp. 613-624. 

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