Locations resources

The concept of limited, centrally-located resources has been assessed, applying the assumption that a Secretariat team and the assistance coordination and assessment team (ACAT), are required to be in the... 

Directory Many components need access to directory services—for example, to locate resources on a network or subcomponents within a component. They must be based on a common interface, with a uniform way to reference entities inside different components and across different naming schemes. 

The global value chain network for commodities in the chemical industry is composed by locations, resources and transportation lanes as illustrated in fig. 39... 

Locate resources (by name) and free them to join the integrated team as soon as possible. 

To support its public outreach and education mission, NASA maintains the online Space Science Education Resource Directory to provide assistance in locating resources for topics relevant to teaching goals 14). 

The Open Geospatial Gonsortium (OGG) comprises 417 corporate, government, and university entities working to establish freely available standards for use by private and commercial institutions. Electronic location resources and technologies continue to be integrated into market-driven... 

The gas reservoirs located ia very deep waters, ia coal beds, and ia tight sands are now more accessible. Fifteen percent of the U.S. gas supply ia 1992 was derived from tight sand formations and 1.4 x 10 of coal-bed methane was added to the proven reserves (22). In 1992, U.S. proven reserves were placed at 4.67 x 10 ia the lower 48 states, and it was estimated that the identified gas resource ia the United States and Canada exceeds 3.4 X 10. Based on the 1992 rate of natural gas consumption, the United States has between 8 and 10 years of proven reserves and a domestic... 

Fig. 3. (a) General locations of hydrothemial power plants in the continental United States (6). Power is produced directiy from hydrothermal steam indicated by the steam plume at The Geysers in northern California. At all other locations, hot water resources are utilized for power production. In 1993, a hydrothermal power plant also came on line on the island of Hawaii, (b) Location of The Geysers steam-dominated hydrothermal field (D) in Lake and Sonoma counties, within the boundaries of the Cleadake—Geysers thermal anomaly (B). 

Water sources for direct thermal uses range ia temperature from less than 30°C to over 90°C. Resources ia desirable locations can often be reached by simply drilling a few hundred feet into the earth. Hot water caimot be economically transported very far. AH direct thermal uses of hydrothermal energy are tied to the quantity and quaHty of nearby hydrothermal resources. 

Electric Power Generation. Hydrothermal steam and hot water resources having temperatures ia excess of about 150°C are generaHy suitable for the production of electricity (see Eig. 3a). Because electricity is easy to market and transport, it is the only product of hydrothermal energy which permits the resource to be utilized at some distance from its actual location. 

Most of the developed hot-water fields are located by significant surface indications, particularly in the form of hot springs. Once a resource has been identified, a variety of techniques can be used to map the system and determine whether it is of a size sufficient to justify commercial development. Hidden hot-water resources are much more difficult to locate, but geologic indicators such as volcanic activity and evidence of hydrothermal alteration can be used. 

The principal source of helium is certain natural gas fields. The helium contents of more than 10,000 natural gases in various parts of the world have been measured (9). Helium concentrations of a few are Hsted in Table 2. In the United States, recovery of helium is economical only for helium-rich gases containing more than about 0.3 vol % belium. Most of the United States helium resources are located in the midcontinent and Rocky Mountain regions, and about 89% of the known United States supply is in the Hugoton field in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas the Keyes field in Oklahoma the Panhandle and Cliffside fields in Texas and the Riley Ridge area in Wyoming (11). 

The three basic Internet appHcations of remote login, electronic mad, and file transfer are also budding blocks of more sophisticated appHcations that offer increased functionaUty and ease of network use. Tools such as Gopher, Wide Area Information Servers (WAIS), and World Wide Web (WWW) go beyond the three basic Internet functions to make information on the network easier to locate and use. Detaded descriptions of these tools are avadable (10). This trend toward more powerful, user-friendly networked information resource access systems should continue as Internet grows and matures. 

Iodine plant locations in the United States and Japan are dictated primarily by the availabiHty of natural brines or bitterns containing adequate amounts of iodine. In 1992, the United States had three iodine-producing companies Woodward Iodine Corp., North American Brine Resources, and loChem. In Japan there are five iodine-producing companies, with over 30 plants Ise, Godo, Nippo, Nitten, and Kanto. AH these companies deHver iodine as flaked material except Ise, which also produces pfiUed iodine. 

The wodd reserves of lead are estimated at 71 x 10 t and scattered around the wodd (1). Over one-third (25 x 10 t) of this total is located in North America where the United States has, in units of 10 t, 14 Canada, 7 Mexico, 3 and other sources, 1. South America has 2 Europe, 11 Africa, 4 and Austraha, 14 X 10 t. In Asia, the former Soviet Union has 9 and the People s RepubHc of China has 6 x 10 t. The recovery of lead from scrap is of prime importance in supplying U.S. demands so that the entire reserve base is estimated at 120 x 10 t. Total wodd resources are estimated at 1.4 x 10 t. 

North America.. In the United States, lignite deposits are located in the northern Great Plains and in the Gulf states. Subbituminous coal is found along the Rocky Mountains. The western half of North Dakota has about 74% of the nation s resources, Montana 23%, Texas 2%, and Alabama and South Dakota about 0.5% each. The lignite resources to 914 m represent 28% of the total toimage of all coal deposits in the United States. The lower cost and low sulfur content have contributed to rapid growth in production. 

The discovery of chemical N2 fixation under ambient conditions is more compatible with a simple, complementary, low temperature and low pressure system, possibly operated electrochemically and driven by a renewable energy resource (qv), such as solar, wind, or water power, or other off-peak electrical power, located near or in irrigation streams. Such systems might produce and apply ammonia continuously, eg, directly in the rice paddy, or store it as an increasingly concentrated ammoniacal solution for later appHcation. In fact, the Birkeland-Eyde process of N2 oxidation in an electric arc has been... 

Deposits which are forming are frequentiy characterized by venting streams of hot (300°C) mineralized fluid known as smokers. These result in the local formation of metalliferous mud, rock chimneys, or mounds rich in sulfides. In the upper fractured zone or deep in the rock mass beneath the vents, vein or massive sulfide deposits may be formed by the ckculating fluids and preserved as the cmstal plates move across the oceans. These off-axis deposits are potentially the most significant resources of hydrothermal deposits, even though none has yet been located. 

Oil shale deposits were formed in ancient lakes and seas by the slow deposition of organic and inorganic remains. The geology and composition of the inorganic minerals and organic kerogen components of oil shale vary with deposit locations throughout the world (1) (see also Fuel RESOURCES Petroleum). 

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