Liquid chromatography methods

NAIK J P and NAGALAKSHMi s (1997) Determination of caffeine in tea products by an unproved high-performance liquid chromatography method , JAgric Food Chem, 45, 3973-5. 

Pak, Y. et al.. Sensitive and rapid isocratic liquid chromatography method for the quantitation of curcumin in plasma, J Chromatogr B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life ScL, 796, 339, 2003. 

Melendez-Martinez, A.J., Vicario, I.M., and Heredia, F.J., A routine high-performance liquid chromatography method for carotenoid determination in ultrafrozen orange juices, J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 4219, 2003. 

Tswett s initial column liquid chromatography method was developed, tested, and applied in two parallel modes, liquid-solid adsorption and liquid-liquid partition. Adsorption ehromatography, based on a purely physical principle of adsorption, eonsiderably outperformed its partition counterpart with mechanically coated stationary phases to become the most important liquid chromatographic method. This remains true today in thin-layer chromatography (TLC), for which silica gel is by far the major stationary phase. In column chromatography, however, reversed-phase liquid ehromatography using chemically bonded stationary phases is the most popular method. 

Jongen, M.J.M, Engel, R., and Leenheers, L.H. (1991) High performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of occupational exposure to the pesticide abamectin, Am. Ind. Hygiene Assoc. ]., 52 433-437. 

Alhaique et al. [62] used a reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of miconazole in bulk or pharmaceuticals using bezafibrate as internal standard. 

The USP 28 [1], European Pharmacopoeia [2], BP 2003 [4], and Indian Pharmacopoeia 1996 [7] use the liquid chromatography method as described above in Section 2.2.2 for the assay of oxytetracycline. The International Pharmacopoeia 1988 [5], Pharmacopoeia of the People s Republic of China [6], Indian Pharmacopoeia [7], and Indonesian Pharmacopoeia [8] use a microbiological method. This methodology will be described in more detail in a later section. 

For assaying oxytetracycline content in injections, tablets, capsules, ointments, and oral suspensions, the United States Pharmacopoeia 28 [1] uses a liquid chromatography method described in the assay under oxytetracycline. For oxytetracycline and Nystatin capsules and for oral suspension, United States Pharmacopoeia 28 [1] uses a microbiological method listed under antibiotics-microbial assays <81>. 

Cuyckens F and Claeys M. 2002. Optimization of a liquid chromatography method based on simultaneous electrospray ionization mass spectrometric and ultraviolet photodiode array detection for analysis of flavonoid glycosides. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 16(24) 2341—2348. 

The stationary phases available for HPLC are as numerous as those available for GC. As mentioned previously, however, adsorption, partition, ion exchange, and size exclusion are all liquid chromatography methods. We can therefore classify the stationary phases according to which of these four types of chromatography they represent. Additionally, partition HPLC, which is the most common, is further classified as normal phase HPLC or reverse phase HPLC. Both of these are bonded phase chromatography, which was described in Chapter 11. Let us begin with these. 

L. Gagliardi, D. De Orsi, M.R. Del Giudice, F. Gatta, R. Porra, P. Chimenti and D. Tonelli, Development of a tandem thin-layer high-performance liquid chromatography method for the identification and determination of corticosteroids in cosmetic products. Anal. Chim. Acta 457 (2002) 187-198. 

L. van Heukelem and C.S. Thomas, Computer assisted high-performance liquid chromatography method development with applications to the isolation and analysis of phytoplankton pigments. J. Chromatogr.A 910 (2001) 31—49. 

Vial, J., Jardy, A., Anger, P., Brun, A., Menet, J. M. Methodology for the transfer of liquid chromatography methods based on statistical considerations. J. Chromatogr. A, 815, 1998, 173-182. 

In the last twenty years, many of the developed and validated high performance liquid chromatography methods with conventional diode array or fluorescence detectors (DAD, FLD) were improved and substituted by new hyphenation with mass spectrometric instrumentation and/or NMR, especially for the analyses of raw materials derived from Natural sources. The main goal of this coupling is achieved by improvement of selectivity and sensitivity of new instrumental configurations [7], Furthermore, with these configurations it is possible to obtain, in only one analysis, the complete chemical structure elucidation, identification and quantification of targeted compounds. 

Pietta, P., Mauri, P., and Rava, A. (1986a). Improved high-performance liquid high-performance liquid chromatography method for the analysis of ginsenosides in Panax ginseng extracts and products. /. Chromatogr. 356,212-219. 

Abu Ruz S, Millership J, Heaney L, McElnay J. 2003. Simple liquid chromatography method for the rapid simultaneous determination of prednisolone and cortisol in plasma and urine using hydrophilic lipophilic balanced solid phase extraction cartridges. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 798(2) 193-201. 

Duverneuil C, Grandmaison GL, Mazancourt P, Alvarez JC. 2003. A high-performance liquid chromatography method with photodiode-array UV detection for therapeutic drug monitoring of the nontricyclic antidepressant drugs. Ther Drug Mon 25(5) 565-573. 

Nyanda AM, Nunes MG, Ramesh A. 2000. A simple high-performance liquid chromatography method for the quantitation of tricyclic antidepressant drugs in human plasma or serum. J Toxicol CHn Toxicol 38(6) 631-636. 

High-pressure liquid chromatography method development of pharmaceuticals is an iterative process required to support successive phases of pharmaceutical development and clinical studies. This chapter details the approach currently in use in our laboratories, from receipt of a new chemical entity to post transfer support. 

This chapter focuses on approaches to the validation of high-performance liquid chromatography methods based on regulatory guidance documents and accepted industry practices. The information in this chapter gives a brief review of the reasons for performing method validation and the regulations that describe this activity. Individual validation parameters are discussed in relation to the type of method to be validated. Examples of typical validation conditions are presented with references to additional information on individual topics. This chapter was written to help analysts responsible for method validation. 

An Expert System for High Performance Liquid Chromatography Methods Development... 

During the last decade capillary electrophoresis (CE) has become a mature separation technique for pharmaceutical analysis. Numerous validated methods from pharmaceutical R D lahoratories and academia have been reported in literature, including identity confirmation, main component assay, purity determination, enantiomeric separation, and stoichiometry determination. In addition, CE is frequently applied as an orthogonal technique during the development of stability indicating liquid chromatography methods. As a result CE... 

Kunkel, A., Gunter, S., Dette, C., and Watzig, H. (1997). Quantitation of insulin by capillary electrophoresis and high-performance liquid chromatography — method comparison and validation. J. Chromatogr. A 781, 445—455. 

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