Lieu

Kalbus, G. E. Lieu, V. T. Dietary fat and Health An Experiment on the Determination of Iodine Number of fats and Oils by Goulometric Titration, /. Chem. Educ 1991, 68, 64—65. 

In order to meet their initial requirements, several manufacturers have developed digital communications capabilities for communicating with smart transmitters. These can be used either in addition to or in lieu of the 4-20 milliamp signal. Although most manufacturers release enough information on their communications features to permit another manufacturer to provide compatible instruments (and in some cases provide an open communication standard), the communications cap ihty provided by a manufacturer may be proprietaiy. 

Standards and procedures for authorizing state hazardous waste programs to be operated in lieu of the federal program (Part 271)... 

EPA, under Section 3006 of RCRA, may authorize a state to administer and enforce a state hazardous waste program in lieu of the federal Subtitle C program. To receive authorization, a state program must ... 

Alternatively, A- ylium names may be formed by a special application of the A convention, according to which the affected atom is considered to be formally derived from a hypothetical parent that has a hydridic hydrogen attached in lieu of the positive charge. Such an operation... 

Use manufacturer s sizing charts and data where available. In lieu of manufacturer s data use the formula... 

Plants, situations, and causes of overpressure tend to be dissimilar enough to discourage preparation of generalized calculation procedures for the rate of discharge. In lieu of a set procedure most of these problems can be solved satisfactorily by conservative simplification and analysis. It should be noted also that, by general assumption, two unrelated emergency conditions will not occur simultaneously. 

These correction factors are given in various heat transfer te.xts. In lieu of correction factor curves use the following procedure to derive the factor ... 

If the system differential pressure requirements are low, sometimes a fan can be used. A fan is limited to a maximum of about 65 inches of water (just over 2psi) in vacuum service or 77 inches of water in pressure service (just under 3psi). To estimate fan horsepower use the equations found in Chapter 6 in the section entitled Horsepower Calculation. In lieu of manufacturer s data use an adiabatic efficiency of 50% for initial work. 

If money and time are short and the system is fairly ideal, commercial computer services available to the company might have shortcut options available in lieu of the more expensive rigorous routines. Finally, methods will be recommended for checking the separations by hand. 

A factor of 0.6 is often used in lieu of literature or historical data, so this estimating technique is commonly referred to as the 0.6 factor method. 

The most common material used in cylinder construction is cast iron for the larger, low-pressure cylinders and steel for the smaller, high pressure cylinders. In some cases, nodular or ductile iron can be used in lieu of cast iron. For hydrocarbon service, steel is most desirable, although not universally available. 

The precision rotameter is a secondary calibration device. If it is to be used in place of a primary device such as a bubble meter, care must be taken to ensure that any introduced error will be minimal and noted. The precision rotameter may be used for calibrating the personal sampling pump in lieu of a bubble meter provided it is (a) Calibrated with an electronic bubble meter or a bubble meter, (b) Disassembled, cleaned as necessary, and recalibrated. It should be used with care to avoid dirt and dust contamination which may affect the flow, (c) Not used at substantially different temperature and/or pressure from those conditions present when the rotameter was calibrated against the primary source, (d) Used such that pressure drop across it is minimal. If altitude or temperature at the sampling site are substantially different from the calibration site, it is necessary to calibrate the precision rotameter at the sampling site where the same conditions are present. 

Due to the stringent limitation on the BFW (no ammonia or AN), no recycled stream can be used in lieu of fresh water (segregation, recycle and interception can reduce but not eliminate anunonia/AN content). Hence, the boiler should not be considered as a sink for recycle (with or without interception). Instead, it should be handled at the stage of sink/generator manipulation. This leaves us with the five... 

Do increase safety factors if verification by analysis is performed in lieu of test. 

Size should be determined by vendor in lieu of other information use API 618 requirements. 

In lieu of utilizing calcium carbonate as the neutralizing agent, calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, barium chloride or other alkaline earth metal salt or hydroxide forming an insoluble Sulfate may be employed. 

Note that in lieu of testing, Par (b) 2 and (b) 3 above allows the use of a capacity factor of 0.80 as a multiplier on the stamped capacity of the spring loaded safety relief valve (nozzle bpe). Some manufacturers test specific valve/rupture disk combinadons and determine the actual capacity factor for the combination, and then use this for the net capacity determination. See Figures 7-10, 7-11, 7-12, 7-13A and 7-13B. c. A rupture disk de ice may be installed on the outlet side of a spring loaded safety relief valve... 

Mechanical Properties. The mechanical properties used for design shall be the minimum values allowed by the applicable material specification or shall be the minimum values determined by the manufacturer in accordance with the test procedures specified in ASTM A370 Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products, or by mill certification for mill products. The yield point shall be used in lieu of yield strength for those materials exhibiting a yield point. Yield strength shall be determined at 0.2% offset. 

Ultrasonic cleaning (all grades). An ultrasonic cleaner suitable for cleaning wire rope is permitted in lieu of the acid cleaning methods described previously. 

Strainers are used primarily to catch only very large particles and will be found in applications where this type of protection is required. Most hydraulic systems have a strainer in the reservoir at the inlet to the suction line of the pump. A strainer is used in lieu of a filter to reduce its chance of being clogged and starving the pump. However, since this strainer is located in the reservoir, its... 

Use of tartrazine as indicator. Satisfactory results may be obtained by the use of tartrazine as indicator. Proceed as above, but add 4 drops of tartrazine (0.5 per cent aqueous solution) in lieu of the iron(III) indicator. The precipitate will appear pale yellow during the titration, but the supernatant liquid (best viewed by placing the eye at the level of the liquid and looking through it) is colourless. At the end point, the supernatant liquid assumes a bright lemon-yellow colour. The titration is sharp to one drop of 0.1 M thiocyanate solution. 

---