Capacity determination

Few vacuum systems are completely airtight, although some may have extremely low leakage rates. For the ideal system the only load for the ejector is the non-condens-ables of the process (absorbed gases, air, etc.) plus the saturated vapor pressure equivalent of the process fluid. Practice has proven that allowance must be made for air leakage. Considering the air and non-condensables. For base ejector capacity determine inert gases only by ... 

Note that in lieu of testing, Par (b) 2 and (b) 3 above allows the use of a capacity factor of 0.80 as a multiplier on the stamped capacity of the spring loaded safety relief valve (nozzle bpe). Some manufacturers test specific valve/rupture disk combinadons and determine the actual capacity factor for the combination, and then use this for the net capacity determination. See Figures 7-10, 7-11, 7-12, 7-13A and 7-13B. c. A rupture disk de ice may be installed on the outlet side of a spring loaded safety relief valve... 

Vacuum (a) Removal of liquid or vapor at greater rate than entering a vessel, capacity determined by volume displaced. (b) Injecting cold liquid into hot (steamed out) vessel, the condensing steam will create vacuum, and must be relieved. Capacity is equivalent to vapor condensed. 

The critical information required from testing may include one or all of the following tendency to passivation, anode operating potential and capacity. The tests, whilst all capable of producing information on the above, tend to be particularly suited to certain applications. For example potentiostatic testing is useful for evaluating passivation tendencies but not generally appropriate to anode capacity determination. 

The current-carrying capacity of the wire is not directly related to the dielectric. This is determined by the conductor resistance and the heating effect that it produces in the wire. The required current-carrying capacity determines the size of the wire and thus the size of the insulator. The temperature rise caused by the current flow determines the type of insulation to be used. If the wire is limited to 140°F (60°C) service, the insulation can be one of those discussed above. If the wire is to operate at 300°F (150° C), another specification for plastic wire with better heat resistance such as TP polyester or PTFE is used. 

Medbo, J.I., Mohn, A.-C.,Tabata, I., Bahr, R., Vaage, 0., Sejersted,O.M. (1988). Anaerobic capacity determined by maximal accumulated O2 deficit. J. Appl. Physiol. 64, 50-60. 

Gagnon, P. and Grund, E., Large-scale process development for hydrophobic interaction chromatography, part III factors affecting capacity determination, BioPharm, 9, 34, 1996. 

Total theoretical peak capacity for the ID and 2D LC/MS analyses of the yeast ribosomal protein sample was calculated as 240 and 700, respectively. Individual separation peak capacities were calculated by dividing the total separation time by the average peak width at baseline, and the 2D peak capacity determined as the product of the peak capacity of the two dimensions. These theoretical calculations rely on optimal use of the two-dimensional separation space, which in turn is dependent upon the lack of correlation between the component retention times in the two separation modes. Thus, the maximum use of the theoretical peak capacity is not only dependent on the selection of chromatographic modes based on different physicochemical... 

The value of this standard molar Gibbs energy, p°(T), found in data compilations, is obtained by integration from 0 K of the heat capacity determined by the translational, rotational, vibrational and electronic energy levels of the gas. These are determined experimentally by spectroscopic methods [14], However, contrary to what we shall see for condensed phases, the effect of pressure often exceeds the effect of temperature. Hence for gases most attention is given to the equations of state. 

Fadamiro, H.Y. 1997. Free flight capacity determination in a sustained flight tunnel Effects of age and sexual state on the flight duration of Prostephanus truncatus. Physiol. Entomol. 22, 29-36. 

Products were converted to the hydrochloride salt with IM HC1. The initial capacity determination on Ml (AgNO- titration) gave a value of 2.48 meq/g, calculated on free base. 00% conversion would give 3.88 meq/g. However, repeat determinations on the same sample gave values of 2.01 and 1.80 meq/g. Conversion of this sample to the hydrochloride with 0.1M HC1 resulted in a further drop to 1.66, and even eluting the nitrate form with 2M NaCl solution produced a further drop, to 1.57 meq/g. Evidently... 

Mobile phase acetonitrile-phosphate buffer (overall 0.05 M), w pH 2.0. Note that saturation capacities do not correspond to the total saturation capacity determined by frontal analysis (see text). 

The estimated d is about 90 K, in agreement with previous heat capacity determinations performed on single crystals (Coleman et al, 1973a). Table 1.5 shows some d values found in the literature for some MOMs. 

For both cesium and barium sorption, there is reasonable agreement between the total concentrations of desorbed species and the ion-exchange capacities determined by isotopic redistribution. The small differences which exist could easily be due to the precision in the elemental analyses. (Also, the experimental technique would not have detected desorption of hydrogen ions.) The solid-phase concentrations of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium. 

Detergent binding capacity, determination of protein hydrophobicity, 304-305 Dew-point determination method, water activity... 

Table IV. Summary of Electrode Capacity Determinations from Selected...

In order to obtain accurate results, this function should be accounted for when the temperature of a reaction mass tends to vary over a wider range. However, in the condensed phase the variation of heat capacity with temperature is small. Moreover, in case of doubt and for safety purposes, the specific heat capacity should be approximated by lower values. Thus, the effect of temperature can be ignored and generally the heat capacity determined at a (lower) process temperature is used for the calculation of the adiabatic temperature rise. 

G8. Girotti, S., Ferri, E., Maccagnani, L., Budini, R., and Bianchi, G., Plasma antioxidant capacity determination Comparative evaluation of chemiluminescent and spectrophotometric assays. Talanta 56, 407-414 (2002). 

In mathematical terms this is equivalent to two capacitors in series, with capacities CH representing the rigid compact layer and CGC representing the diffuse layer. The smaller of the two capacities determines the observed behaviour ... 

Achieving the required degree of desulfurization dictated electrothermal heating. Fixed-bed electrothermal furnaces of the Acheson type were initially considered for use directly with granular coke but the test results were disappointing. The product of the Acheson furnace was not uniform in its sulfur content. Adaptation of the Acheson Process, which is a batch process, presented problems in materials handling that were considered very difficult to resolve at the 10,000 tons per year capacity determined to be the... 

Enzyme Binding Capacity Determination. Two steps or stages are involved in formation of a stable collagen/enzyme complex. 

For the Li Ceo syntheses, different stoichiometries of Li and Ceo were dissolved in liquid ammonia. Initially, a Li compound was synthesized by dissolving Li and Ceo in liquid ammonia at -78 °C, and the reaction did not go to completion as evidenced by visible residual Li. An Li Ceo compound with excess Li was then formed. If the reaction was allowed to warm to room temperature before removing the ammonia, the reaction appeared to go to completion. The recovered products were dried in inert atmosphere, stored in a glove box, and transferred to sealed ampoules for structural and H2 capacity determination. 

The reactor is charged with 1000 kg of a 10 wt. % H2SO4 solution and 200 kg of 1-hexene at 300 K. Assuming that the heat capacities for the reactants and products do not vary with temperature, the heat of reaction does not vary with temperature, and the presence of H2SO4 is ignored in the calculation of the heat capacity, determine the time required to achieve 50 percent conversion and the reactor temperature at that point. 

---