Leukocyte receptors

Yoder, J.A., M.G. Mueller, S. Wei, B.C. Corliss, D.M. Prather, T. Willis, R.T. Litman, J.Y. Djeu and G.W. Litman. Immune-type receptor genes in zebrafish share genetic and functional properties with genes encoded by the mammalian leukocyte receptor cluster. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 98 6771-6776, 2001. 

Ben-Baruch, A., Xu, L., Young, P. R., Bengali, K., Oppenheim, J. J., and Wang, J. M. (1995). Monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP3) interacts with multiple leukocyte receptors. C-C CKRl, a receptor for macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha/Rantes, is also a functional receptor for MCP3. J. Biol Chem. 270, 22123-22128. 

The complement system generates several surface-bound and soluble activation products [3]. C3b and iC3b bound to the material surface act as ligands for leukocyte receptors (CD35 and CDllb/CD18), and the anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a are potent inflammatory peptides... 

Taite, L.J., Rowland, M.L., Ruffino, K.A., et al. Bioactive hydrogel substrates probing leukocyte receptor-ligand interactions in parallel plate flow chamber studies. Aim. Biomed. Eng. 34, 1705-1711 (2006). doi 10.1007/sl0439-006-9173-x... 

The largest numbers of integrins are members of the (31 integrins, also known as the very late antigen (VLA) subfamily because of its late appearance after activation. There are at least seven receptors characterized from this subfamily, each with different ligand specificity. Among the most studied include the 04(31 and a5 31 receptors. The leukocyte integrin a4 31 is a cell adhesion receptor that is predominantly expressed on lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils. 

CC, and one CX3C and XC chemokine receptors have been cloned so far [2]. Receptor binding initiates a cascade of intracellular events mediated by the receptor-associated heterotrimeric G-proteins. These G-protein subunits trigger various effector enzymes that lead to the activation not only of chemotaxis but also to a wide range of fimctions in different leukocytes such as an increase in the respiratory burst, degranulation, phagocytosis, and lipid mediator synthesis. 

Although leukocytes continue to be the major site of expression of chemokine receptors, several studies have recently demonstrated chemokine receptor expression on neurons in the CNS. 

COPD is a chronic inflammatory disease that results from prolonged and repeated inhalation of particles and gases, chronic (or latent) infection or an interaction of these factors. In many cases, the inflammation persists even when the exposure (in most cases smoking) is stopped. Prominent among the infiltrating leukocytes are neutrophils, CD8+ lymphocytes (Co-receptor for the T-cell receptor. CD8+ is specific for the class IMHC protein. It is expressed on the surface of cytotoxic T-cells and natural killer cells.) and CD68+ monocytic cells (A lysosomal antigen. All cells that rich in... 

The leukocyte integrin a 4(3 1 (also known as VLA-4 and CD49d/CD29) is a cell adhesion receptor, which is predominantly expressed on lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils. VLA-4 is generally selective for the CS1 domain within fibronectin, with an essential requirement for LDV sequence for binding. VLA-4 also binds to VCAM-1 as a counter receptor. 

The integrin a 4(3 7 is restricted to leukocytes and can bind not only to VCAM1 and fibronectin, but also to MAdCAM the mucosal addressin or homing receptor, which contains immunoglobulin-like domains related to VCAM-1. 

Mice that are homozygous for a disrupted Bx or B2 receptor gene are healthy, fertile and normotensive. In Bx-deficient mice, bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced hypotension is diminished and the recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to the sites of tissue injury is impaired, and the animals show signs of hypoalgesia. Deletion of the B2 gene in mice leads to salt-sensitive hypertension and altered nociception. 

A Type III allergic reaction occurs when antibodies of the immunoglobulin G class (IgG) form immune complexes which are slowly eliminated and thus may elicit an inflammatory reaction by binding to the Fey receptors of leukocytes resulting in their activation. 

S Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel 62 type of histamine receptor preferentially expressed in leukocytes. J Biol Chem 2000 275 36781. 

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