Larynx, carcinoma

Nemorosone and its methyl derivatives as mixture were evaluated against the human cervix carcinoma (HeLa), the human larynx carcinoma (HEp-2), prostate carcinoma (PC-3) and central nervous system carcinoma (U-251) cell lines [94]. Cuesta-Rubio et al. found that the natural product nemorosone was active against the four cell lines (IC50 values of 3.3, 3.1, 7.2 and 3.9 pM, respectively). When the mixture of methyl derivatives was used, the required concentration to reach IC50, in the cellular lines, was between ten and thirty times more concentrated. These results suggest that the presence of the keto-enolic equilibrium in nemorosone plays an important in its cytotoxicity. 

These compounds were assayed for antibiotic and cytotoxic activities and from them compound 202 was the only dimer that showed antibiotic activity against Gram positive bacteria its MICs on Bacillus subtilis and B. pumilus were 1-2 and 20 pg/ml, respectively. None of the dimers showed cytotoxic activity against the HeLa (cervix carcinoma) and Hep-2 (larynx carcinoma) cell lines at least at 20 pg/ml. These results support the fact that the additional double bond C-14(15) plays an important role for the antibiotic activity, as 202 was the only assayed dimer with a triterpene quinoid unit derived from netzahualcoyone skeleton, instead of pristimerin. 

Jones et al. 2004 Larynx carcinoma T1 2N0 60 66 Gy, conventional fractionation without CTx 5-Year tumor-specific survival 87%... 

Two polysaccharides, PI and P2, isolated from Azadirachta indica leaves, and their respective chemically sulfated derivatives, PIS and P2S, were evaluated for their activity in the replication of polivirus type 1 in HEp-2 (epithelial cells of hiunan larynx carcinoma) cell cultures. Such compoxmds exhibited a strong antiviral activity with an ICjg of 80 microg/mL, 37.5 microg/mL, 77.5 microg/mL and 12.1 microg/mL for PI, PIS, P2 and P2S, respectively. The best antiviral effect was detected when the... 

Lecanoric acid and its orsellinate derivatives Larynx carcinoma HEP-2 Breast carcinoma MCF-7 Kidney melanoma cell B16-F10 Vero cell Bogo et al. (2010)... 

Conclusions drawn from in vitro cell studies with heavy ion beams of varying LET have indicated that approximately 100 keV /tm" was optimal in achieving a maximum relative biological effect (R6E), as demonstrated by the blocking of cells in Gj -1- M and subsequent lethal effects (21,96,97). The efficient arrest of cultured human squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx (HEp2) and murine rectal adenocarcinoma... 

Overgaard J, Hjelm-Hansen M, Johansen LV, Anderson AP. Comparison of conventional and split course radiotherapy as primary treatment in carcinoma of the larynx. Acta Oncol 1988 27 147-152. 

Overgaard J, Hansen HS, Andersen AP, et al. Misonidazole combined with split-course radiotherapy in the treatment of invasive carcinoma of larynx and pharynx report from the DAHANCA 2 study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1989 16 1065-1068. 

Overgaard J, Hansen HS, Overgaard M, et al. A randomized double-blind phase III study of nimorazole as a hypoxic radiosensitizer of primary radiotherapy in supraglottic larynx and pharynx carcinoma. Results of the Danish Head and Neck Cancer Study (DAHANCA) Protocol 5-85. Radiother Oncol 1998 46 135-146. 

Fein DA, Lee WR, Hanlon AL, et al. Pretreatment hemoglobin level influences local control and survival of T1-T2 squamous cell carcinomas of the glottic larynx. J Clin Oncol 1995 13 2077-2083. 

Gustavsson P, Jakobsson R, Johansson H, et al. 1998. Occupational exposures and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and oesophagus A case-control study in Sweden. Occup Environ Med 55 393-400. 

Boldine Inhibition of human epidermoid carcinoma of larynx — 285... 

Clonal dominance has been reported to occur also in mammary tumors and metastases from human patients (Symmans et al., 1995), although a similar study performed on squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx found a more marked heterogeneity between primary tumors and their metastases (Sun et al., 1995), suggesting either subclone heterogeneity within the primary tumor at the time of establishment of metastasis, or further clonal evolution of both tumors and metastasis. 

Sun, P. C., El-Mofty, S. K., Haughey, B. H. and Scholnick, S. B. (1995). Allelic loss in squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx discordance between primary and metastatic tumors. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 14, 145-148. 

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is an uncommon, histologically distinct variant of SCC. In the upper aerodigestive tract, it occurs frequently in the base of the tongue, tonsils, hypopharynx, and larynx but has also been described in many other locations such as the palate, buccal mucosa, floor of mouth, nasopharynx, nasal cavity, and trachea. This is one of the subtypes of squamous carcinoma that can present with large neck node metastases and an unknown primary tumor. 

Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) of the larynx is rare, representing less than 1% of all laryngeal carcinomas. These tumors have been categorized in a similar fashion to lung tumors, into oat cell type, intermediate, and combined. The first two tumor types have typical neuroendocrine differentiation and show... 

These three neuroendocrine tumors of the larynx all display positivity for typical neuroendocrine markers such as chromogranin, synaptophysin, and neuron-specific enolase. They may also be positive for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). Atypical carcinoid and SCNEC can also express other neuroendocrine markers such as serotonin, calcitonin, and somatostatin. TTE-1 is probably not a useful marker to distinguish metastatic pulmonary small cell carcinoma from primary tumors in the head and neck because up to 50% of extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas are positive for TTR-l.i 8... 

The differential diagnosis of carcinoid and atypical carcinoid tumors of the larynx includes paraganglioma, melanoma, and medullary thyroid carcinoma. Paragangliomas are rarely always negative for cyto-keratins and also exhibit the characteristic susten-tacular cell pattern with SlOO protein. Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTEl) is positive in medullary thyroid carcinoma, as are calcitonin and CEA. Melanomas will typically stain with HMB45 and tyrosinase, both of which are negative in neuroendocrine carcinomas. 

Erdamar B, Suoglu Y, Sirin M, et al. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx. Eur Arch Oto-Rhino-Lar-yngol. 2000 257(3) 154-157. 

Thompson LD, Wenig BM, Heffner DK, et al. Exophytic and papillary squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx A clinicopathologic series of 104 cases. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999 120(5) 718-724. 

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