Lacto-vegetarian

The vitamin B12 that occurs in nature is produced almost entirely by bacterial synthesis in animals but not in humans (Battersby, 1994). The richest dietary sources of vitamin B12 are organ meats, such as fiver and kidney. Lesser amounts are present in shellfish, chicken, fish, muscle meats, and dairy products (the principal source in lacto-vegetarians). Plants contain no vitamin B12 unless they are contaminated by bacteria, and foods that contain microorganisms often provide the only source of vitamin B12 for strict vegetarians, such as the vegans of southern India. 

Sample trays of three different hospital menus, regular, ovo-lacto vegetarian and soy-meat substitute, were collected for seven consective days and analyzed for minerals, phytic acid and fiber ( ). Each meal was composited, homogenized and analyzed separately. The calculated caloric level of the meals was 2800 kcal per day. 

Ammonia is formed in the cell or by bacteria during various deamidization reactions of amino acids. A certain quantity (ca. 25%) of ammonia is produced in the intestine by bacteria or through enzymatic action in the intestinal mucosa during protein degradation. This mean value of intestinal ammonia production is elevated under normal conditions as a result of the increased consumption of meat or fish and reduced during a predominantly lacto-vegetarian protein diet. Production of ammonia is raised by physical work a similar effect is possible in constipation. 

The proportions of carbohydrates (4.0-5.0), fats (1.0-2.0) and proteins (0.8-1.5) (each in g/kg BW/day) in patients with chronic liver disease correspond to those of an ordinary diet the basic calorie requirement is 35 kcal/kg BW/day. From the metabolic viewpoint, and in the case of diabetes, daily food intake should be divided into 3 main meals and 2 snacks. As a prophylactic measure, it is advisable to restrict the use of common salt to 7-8 g (because of the very high NaCl content in the usual diet). Moreover, a preponderance of lacto-vegetarian proteins over proteins derived from meat and fish (with their higher production of ammonia) is... 

Ovo-lacto vegetarians eat milk, cheese, eggs, and honey ... 

Lacto vegetarians do not eat eggs but may keep other dairy products in their diet ... 

Many people, including myself, begin as ovo-lacto vegetarians but eventually become vegans, considered the most complete or pure type. 

It has long been known that percent iron absorption is somewhat dependent upon the total amount of iron provided by the diet. Shifts in consumption patterns toward the eating of less red meats may result in actual increases in total iron contents-of such dietaries if replacement is made with whole-grain or enriched cereals however, if the replacement is in terms of milk or cheese, as is often the case with the lacto-vegetarian, the iron consumption may well decrease. 

The youthfulness of the area lends itself to a spirit of innovation and social awareness. Veganism is in full blossom here, and the majority of eateries can cater to strict dietary standards. In fact, vegetarianism is almost passe. Young animal rights activists look at ovo-lacto vegetarianism as an unenlightened throwback to their parents generation. 

Off Venice Boulevard near Culver City, the Hare Krishnas operate Govinda s Natural Food Restaurant (3764 Watseka Ave., it 310-836-1269). The inexpensive, one-price-fits-all Indian lunch and dinner buffets are crowd-pleasers. All buffet items are lacto-vegetarian vegans should ask about ingredients. Near Santa Monica, Madhu s Dasprakash (12217 Santa Monica Blvd. 201, 310-820-9477) feeds... 

However, nitrogen isotopic data are more useful, with vegans (815N c.7%o) being readily distinguished from ovo-lacto vegetarians and omnivores (which share similar 815N values ofc.3%o). 

Fig. 5.58 Carbon and nitrogen isotopic evaluation of ancient human diets relative to authentic foodstuffs (after Macko et al. 1999a, b). (a) Ice Man from the Oetztaler Alps (5200 yr old) compared to modern vegans, ovo-lacto vegetarians and omnivores, (b) Chinchorro mummies from the Arica region of Chile (5000 to 800 yr old) the triangle represents end-member contributions after allowing for assimilatory fractionations.

Tab. 1.2-6 Sodium intake (mg day of adult Germans and Mexicans with mixed and ovo-lacto-vegetarian diets, depending on time and sex...

The titanium intake of adults was monitored in 15 German and two Mexican test populations with mixed and ovo-lacto-vegetarian diets as a function of diet form, sex, lactation and time (Table 24.4). The titanium intake was measured using the duplicate portion... 

Women = 100%, menx%. P = significance level. Student s t-test. G = Germany M = Mexico Veg. = ovo-lacto-vegetarians. 

Uptake, Absorption, Transport and Distribution, Metabolism and Elimination in Animals and Humans 11179 Tab. 27.5 Vanadium balance of adult people with mixed and ovo-lacto-vegetarian diets... 

Fecal excretion of the nutritional vanadium intake amounts to 96% in both sexes, and to 79% in lactating tvomen (Tables 27.5 and 27.6). Most of the ingested vanadium is not absorbed, and the form of the diet (mixed or ovo-lacto-vegetarian) has no effect on the fecal excretion rate (see Table 27.5). On average, adults of both sexes and with either form of diet eliminate 4% of the nutritional vanadium intake renally (range 2-6%). 

The evaluation of lead intakes from diet was realised in the Slovak Republic in two types of total diet (ovo-lacto-vegetarian diet and non-vegetarian standard diet) collected from the kindergartens in Bratislava (capital of Slovakia) in 1991-1994 (Table 15). The results of median weekly intakes represented 27% of the PTWI in non-vegetarian children and 40% in vegetarian children. The authors did not find... 

Lacto-vegetarian Meat, poultry, fish, eggs Dairy products, grains, legumes, vegetables, fruits, nuts, seeds... 

Lacto-vegetarian Meat, poultry, fish, eggs Milk... 

Lacto-vegetarian Vegetarian diet (defined above) with the addition of dairy produots... 

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