Calorie requirements

An IV fat emulsion contains soybean or safflower oil and a mixture of natural triglycerides, predominately unsaturated fatty acids. It is used in the prevention and treatment of essential fatty acid deficiency. It also provides nonprotein calories for those receiving TPN when calorie requirements cannot be met by glucose. Examples of intravenous fat emulsion include Intralipid 10% and 20%, Liposyn II 10% and 20%, and Liposyn III 10% and 20%. Fat emulsion is used as a source of calories and essential fatty acids for... 

As an example of the use of the heat capacity values, calculate the calories required to heat 1 kilogram of aluminum from 10° C to 70° C. Multiply the grams of metal by the 60° C increase by the specific heat capacity ... 

Heat of Sublimation is the number of calories required, in a constant temperature process, to convert a unit weight of solid directly into a vapor... 

The number of calories required to raise the temperature of an object 1°C is called the heat capacity of the object. The molar heat capacity of a substance is the number of calories needed to raise the temperature of a mole of the substance rc. 

The specific heat of any substance is the number of calories required to raise one gram of it 1°C. From our definition of the calorie, it follows that the specific heat of water is 1 cal/g °C. 

The energy required to raise the temperature of the calorimeter walls is the difference between the total energy and that required for the water—that is, 254 — 220 = 34 cal. The heat capacity of the calorimeter (calories required to raise that part of its walls in contact with the liquid by 1.0°C) is... 

Heat capacity Without a change in phase and under constant pressure, the amount of heat (usually in joules or calories) required to raise the temperature of a given quantity (usually a mole) of a substance by 10 K. 

I. Calorie requirements for boys and girls have similar rates of increase until age 11. 

II. From ages 4 to 12 calorie requirements for boys and girls are wholly dissimilar. 

It is defined as, the quantity of heat in calories required to raise the temperature of 1 mole of a gas through 1° at constant volume . 

Activity Calorie value (kcal/kg/h)b Hours engaged in activity per day Calorie requirement (kcal/day)... 

The proportions of carbohydrates (4.0-5.0), fats (1.0-2.0) and proteins (0.8-1.5) (each in g/kg BW/day) in patients with chronic liver disease correspond to those of an ordinary diet the basic calorie requirement is 35 kcal/kg BW/day. From the metabolic viewpoint, and in the case of diabetes, daily food intake should be divided into 3 main meals and 2 snacks. As a prophylactic measure, it is advisable to restrict the use of common salt to 7-8 g (because of the very high NaCl content in the usual diet). Moreover, a preponderance of lacto-vegetarian proteins over proteins derived from meat and fish (with their higher production of ammonia) is... 

The heat (in calories) required to increase the water temperature by the same amount is... 

Calculate the amount of energy (in calories) required to flip an nucleus in an NMR spectrometer that operates at 60 MHz. 

It should be recognized that a change in entropy, AS, is a readily determined experimental quantity. The measured heat of the transition, AH, the heat in calories required to drive the folding represented in Figures 2.1 and 2.2, is simply divided by the temperature, T at which the folding transition occurs, that is, AH/T, = AS. 

Energy Metabolism. Calories are units of heat measure used for body energy. One pound of body weight equals 3,500 calories. Body metabolism and activity levels determine daily calorie needs. Most adult women need 1,900 to 2,100 calories, while adult men need about 2,100 to 2,400 calories each day. Calorie requirements decrease with s e because metabolism naturally slows about 5 percent per decade after age forty. Only the energy... 

Some reports have indicated that calorie requirements are higher when amino acids are fed (Rose, 1954), others that they... 

Rutishauser, I.H.E. and McCance, R.A. Calorie requirements for growth after severe undernutrition. Arch. Dis. Childh., 1968, 43, 252 - 256. 

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