Elimination diets

Artificial food colors are synthetic dyes manufactured from petroleum that have no nutritional value. Some of these are, however, neurotoxic and others contain carcinogenic components. 35 37l For example, some children whose diets contained artificial food colors were found to exhibit symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Removal of the artificial food colors from their diets eliminated the symptomsJ35 In vitro exposure to a mixture of blue 1 and yellow 5 was found to induce malignant cell transformation J38 ... 

Fecal excretion of the nutritional vanadium intake amounts to 96% in both sexes, and to 79% in lactating tvomen (Tables 27.5 and 27.6). Most of the ingested vanadium is not absorbed, and the form of the diet (mixed or ovo-lacto-vegetarian) has no effect on the fecal excretion rate (see Table 27.5). On average, adults of both sexes and with either form of diet eliminate 4% of the nutritional vanadium intake renally (range 2-6%). 

A much more common metabolic disorder, lactose intolerance, occurs commonly in most parts of the world (notable exceptions being some parts of Africa and northern Europe). Lactose intolerance is an inability to digest lactose because of the absence of the enzyme lactase in the intestines of adults. The symptoms of this disorder, which include diarrhea and general discomfort, can be relieved by eliminating milk from the diet. 

Glucose/galactose malabsotption (GGM) is an intestinal monosaccharide (glucose and galactose) transport deficiency. The disorder manifests itself within the first weeks of life. The severe diarrhea and dehydration are usually fatal unless glucose and galactose are eliminated from the diet. Fiuctose and xylose are absorbed normally. Occurrence in both males and females, familial incidence, in particular in parental consanguinity, indicate autosomal recessive inheritance of... 

If foods or fluids high in potassium are recommended by the primary health care provider, eat the amount recommended. Do not exceed this amount or eliminate these foods from the diet for more than 1 day, except when told to do so by the primary health care provider (see Home Care Checklist Preventing Fbtassium Imbalances). 

Water birds have not been shown to be directly affected by acidification. However, the prey of waterbirds may be of concern as these lower food-chain organisms may have elevated levels of toxic metals related to acidification of their habitat. Moreover, most water birds rely on some component of the aquatic food-chain for their high protein diet. Invertebrates that normally supply caJcium to egg-laying birds or their growing chicks are among the first to disappear as lakes acidify. As these food sources are reduced or eliminated due to acidification, bird habitat is reduced and reproductive rate of the birds is affected. The Common Loon is able to raise fewer chicks, or none at all, on acidic lakes where fish populations are reduced 37 and 5S). However, in some isolated cases, food supplies can be increased when competitive species are eliminated (e.g.. Common Goldeneye ducks can better exploit insects as food when competition from fish is eliminated). The collective influences of acidification are difficult to quantify on a specific area basis but for species that rely on a healthy aquatic ecosystem to breed, acidification remains a continuing threat in thousands of lakes across eastern North America 14). 

Arakawa et al. (1983) reported that dibutyltin elimination from kidney, liver, spleen, and thymus, following cessation of dietary dosing with dibutyltin dichloride for 1 week at 100 mg/kg diet, was rapid, with half-lives for each organ at several days. Merkord et al. 

Since the only therapy for a food allergy is avoidance of the responsible food, it is essential for food allergy patients to eliminate food allergens from their diet. Therefore, the Japanese MHLW decided to improve the... 

Between 1979 and 1989 there was a virtual elimination of the use of lead-soldered food cans, with a concomitant drop in lead levels in food. Average daily intakes of lead for adults, based on an analysis of 27 market basket samples taken nationwide for a 1980-1982 Total Diet Study, were as follows (Gartrell etal. 1986b) ... 

Diet plays an important role in most of the chronic diseases that are the largest causes of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. In a reductionist approach, scientists have often made the role of individual nutrients in the maintenance of health the focus of their research. This approach, and in particular the discovery of essential nutrients and their roles in disease prevention, has been instrumental in the elimination of deficiency diseases in large parts of the world. However, nutrients are not consumed in isolation, but as components of whole foods and in an infinite number of combinations. In addition, foods contain a myriad of chemicals (or non-nutrients) which either serve no role in human metabolism or for which the role has not yet been elucidated. This introduces a significant level of complexity, which may be difficult to unravel. 

Some diet drugs are able to prevent the body from absorbing some of the calories contained in food. People who take these drugs can eat the same amount of food and take in the same number of calories and still lose weight, because the drug causes their bodies to absorb and use fewer calories. The excess calories are eliminated in the stool. Drugs that prevent... 

Patients who survive the neonatal period can be maintained with a low-protein diet and sodium benzoate. A useful therapeutic adjunct for citrullinemia and argininosuccinic aciduria is dietary arginine supplementation, which enhances the ability to eliminate nitrogen as either citrulline or argininosuccinate. Maintaining normal arginine levels also facilitates protein synthesis. 

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