Kehoe

The approximations of Kehoe and Aria and of Hite and Jackson (denoted "high permeability" in the diagrams) are indistinguishable from the exact results, while the method of Apecetche et al. introduces substantial error. 

At the limit of Knudsen diffusion control it is not reasonable to expect that any of the proposed approximation methods will perform well since, as we know, percentage variations in pressure are quite large. Nevertheless it is interesting to examine their results, which are shown in Figure 11 4 At this limit it is easy to check algebraically that equations (11.54) and (11.55) become the same, while (11.60) differs from the other two. Correspondingly the values of the effectiveness factor calculated using the approximation of Kehoe and Aris coincide with the results of Apecetche et al., and with the exact solution, ile Hite and Jackson s effectiveness factors differ substantially. 

Improperly set tolerances and uncontrolled variation are one of the greatest causes of defects, scrap, rework, warranty returns, increased product development cycle time, work flow disruption and the need for inspection (Gerth and Hancock, 1995). If manufacturing processes did not exhibit variation, quality problems would not arise, therefore reducing the effects of variability at the design stage, in a cost-effective way, improves product quality (Bergman, 1992 Kehoe, 1996). 

The pursuit of product quality over the last few decades has been intense in many companies around the world, but in many sectors of industry, reliability is considered to be the most important quality attribute of the product (Kehoe, 1996). As consumers become more aware than ever of quality, their expectations for reliability are also increasing. Even equipment without obvious safety concerns can have important reliability implications. Most products can, therefore, benefit from the use of sound reliability techniques (Burns, 1994). Reliability prediction, in turn, has the benefit that it gives a quantifiable estimate of the likely reliability that can be assessed to see if this is appropriate for the market (Stephenson and Wallace, 1996). 

Kehoe, D. F. 1996 The Fundamentals of Quality Management. London Chapman Hall. 

J. D. Kehoe and M. K. Joyce. Water soluble liquid alginate dispersions. Patent US 5246490,1993. 

Londo, T., Lynch, R, Kehoe, T., Meys, M., and Gordon, N., Accelerated recombinant protein purification process development. Automated, robotics-based intergration of chromatographic purification and analysis, /. Chromatogr. A, 798, 73, 1998. 

No broad study of tetraethyl lead was conducted. According to Kehoe, It was thought that these necessarily extensive studies should not be repeated at present, at public expense, but that they should be continued at the expense of the industry most concerned. Kehoe proudly declared later, The problem [of tetraethyl lead s toxicity] therefore was left to a very substantial extent in our hands, where it has remained ever since. Such cooperative arrangements were typical of the 1920s in lieu of direct government regulation, industrial groups volunteered to collect technical information about the air and water pollution they caused. 

Kehoe, who was considered the leading authority on workers industrial exposure to lead, had been the Ethyl Corporation s medical director for many years. The lead industry had built the Kettering Laboratory for him at... 

Environmental Lead Contamination in December of 1965. More than half of its 32 participants represented the lead industry or federal health and research groups from Ohio and Michigan, strongholds of the automobile industry near Kehoe s laboratory. Attendees abandoned any pretense at neutrality and let their emotions and biases bubble over. Perhaps it s because the trigger, Dr. Patterson s article, is so obviously an emotional article, an observer commented. 

As in 1925, when dozens of workers went insane from tetraethyl lead poisoning, Kehoe was the Ethyl Corporation s key man at a hearing. Patterson was a key critic, and corporate executives looked to Kehoe to give them the ten years they needed. According to the corporation s own official history, Kehoe had the fate of the company in his hands. If he wavered, the company would have been faced with disaster. ... 

Kehoe was a smooth and practiced expert witness at government and judicial hearings. He opened his testimony by boasting that he knew more about lead than anyone else in the world. He boasted that he had served as the Ethyl Corporation s medical director because I was the only person who was familiar with the toxicology of tetraethyl lead and with the occupational hazards associated with its manufacture and distribution.. . . In developing the information on this subject (lead), I have had a greater responsibility than any other person in this country. Kehoe proudly... 

Once again, Ethyl Corporation officials were pleased with the hearing, at least in the short term. Kehoe bought us time.. .. In general, there was no undue emphasis given to the company s product and no adverse publicity with regard to the additive. ... 

Bill Arter. Man-Made Cavern. Columbus Dispatch Magazine. (Oct. 31, 1965) 5. William F. Ashe. Robert Arthur Kehoe, MD. Archives of Environmental Health. 13 (Aug. 1966) 138-142. 

Robert A. Kehoe. His lead studies on humans include the following, arranged chronologically ... 

Herbert L. Needleman. Clamped in a Straitjacket The Insertion of Lead into Gasoline. Draft June 30, 1997. Source for Midgley can t find lead in exhaust Indianapolis 500 Bureau of Mines emasculated Kehoe says 18 percent staff sick ... 

Jerome O. Nriagu. The Rise and Fall of Leaded Gasoline. The Science of the Total Environment. 92 (1990) 13-28. An authoritative history of leaded gasoline. The source for airplane octane lead industry pays Kehoe s salary one of few environmentally unsafe products forced out of market place one of top 10 chemicals in U.S. Esso slogan compression ratio and valve seat recession Kettering about automobile at crossroads, Europe versus U.S. 90 percent all U.S. gas and 80 percent worldwide autos after 20 years of TEL TEL drove U.S. transport lead removed from Ethyl trade name and Ethyl s control of publications and environment to be monitored by voluntary self-regulation, not legislation. 

Robert A. Kehoe. Oct. 12, 1960. Source for how GM realizes exhaust danger and for Sloan s willingness to abandon TEL. 

U.S. Public Health Bureau. United States Public Health Bulletin No. 158, Proceedings of a conference to determine whether or not there is a public health question in the manufacture, distribution, or use of tetraethyl lead gasoline. Government Printing Office, August 1925. Source for industry at crossroads 5 percent of fuel power Kehoe says 18 percent staff sick and the hearing. 

William F. Ashe. Robert Arthur Kehoe. Archives of Environmental Health 13 (Aug. 1966) 138-739. 

Robert A. Kehoe. On the Normal Absorption and Excretion of Lead. The Journal of Industrial Hygiene. 15 (Sept. 1933) 257-272. 

Robert A. Kehoe, Jacob Cholak, and Robert V. Story. A Spectrochemical Study of the Normal Ranges of Concentration of Certain Trace Metals in Biological Materials. Journal of Nutrition. 19 (1940) 579-592. 

Herbert L. Needleman. Clair Patterson and Robert Kehoe Two Views of Lead Toxicity. Environmental Research. 78 (Aug. 1998) 79-85. A good summary of Patterson versus Kehoe. 

C. C. Patterson. Letter to Edmund S. Muskie. Oct. 7, 1965. in Caltech PP, Box 16.13. Source for the letter about preparing to testily surprise to medicine in 1920s Kehoe is out of date, believes in star-dust and sharp line. 

Joseph C. Robert. Ethyl A History of the Corporation and the People Who Made It. Charlottesville University Press of Virginia, 1983. Source for company background, sale, Kehoe s importance and founding father reactions to conference and hearing company financial difficulties and sale terms changed image GM decision unchanged position. 

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