Neutralization reaction ionic compound

These reactions show sulfur in the role of an oxidizing agent. The properties of compounds such as ZnS suggest they contain the sulfide ion, S-2. The formation of this ion again can be expected on the basis of the fact that the neutral sulfur atom has two electrons less than enough to fill the valence orbitals. Acquisition of two electrons completely fills the low energy valence orbitals and solid ionic compounds can be formed. 

The reaction between an acid and a base is called a neutralization reaction, and the ionic compound produced in the reaction is called a salt. The general form of a neutralization reaction of a strong acid and a metal hydroxide that provides the hydroxide ion, a strong base, in water is... 

In each case the mechanism involves generation of an aryl radical from a covalent azo compound. In acid solution diazonium salts are ionic and their reactions are polar. When they cleave, the product is an aryl cation (see p. 852). However, in neutral or basic solution, diazonium ions are converted to covalent compounds, and these cleave to give free radicals ... 

A solid that contains cations and anions in balanced whole-number ratios is called an ionic compound. Sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt, is a simple example. Sodium chloride can form through the vigorous chemical reaction of elemental sodium and elemental chlorine. The appearance and composition of these substances are very different, as Figure 2-24 shows. Sodium is a soft, silver-colored metal that is an array of Na atoms packed closely together. Chlorine is a faintly yellow-green toxic gas made up of diatomic, neutral CI2 molecules. When these two elements react, they form colorless ciystals of NaCl that contain Na and Cl" ions in a 1 1 ratio. 

Water is always one product of a neutralization reaction. The other product is a salt. In the reaction of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, the salt is sodium chloride, which is, literally, table salt. Not all acid-base reactions make sodium chloride, but they do make a salt. Salts are ionic compounds. An ionic compound is a compound that is made up of cations (positively... 

Neutral solutions also contain a dissolved salt, derived from the neutralization of the acid and the base (a salt is an ionic compound formed in a neutralization reaction and is composed of the cation of an alkali and the anion of an acid). When a solution of carbonic acid (formed when atmospheric carbon dioxide dissolves in water), for example, reacts with an alkaline solution of lime, the two solutions neutralize each other and form a salt, calcium carbonate ... 

The third effective approach is the preparation of ionic Pcs with large balanced ions [69-77], It is well known that ionic compounds are usually more soluble than neutral compounds in most organic solvents, especially in polar and mixing solvents. Ionic Pcs include cationic and anionic Pcs. The preparation of ionic Pcs is usually by means of electrochemistry. Sometimes they can be synthesized through oxidation reactions, ion exchange reactions or ion coordination reactions. 

For complete neutralization to take place, the proper amounts of acid and base must be present. The salt formed in the above reaction is NaCl. If the water were evaporated after completing the reaction, we would be left with common table salt. Sodium chloride is just one of hundreds of salts that form during neutralization reactions. While we commonly think of salt, NaCl, as a seasoning for food, in chemistry a salt is any ionic compound containing a metal cation and a nonmetal anion (excluding hydroxide and oxygen). Some examples of salts that result from neutralization reactions include potassium chloride (KCl), calcium fluoride (CaF ), ammonium nitrate (NH NOj), and sodium acetate (NaC2H302). 

The chemistry of compounds with gold-germanium bonds has developed considerably since Schmidbaur and coworkers reported the first derivatives obtained by the insertion reaction of GeCl2 (as its dioxane complex) into a gold-halogen bond [75]. Both neutral and ionic compounds have been reported and a larger structural diversity in comparison with the silicon analogs has been established (Table 4.4). 

Acid-base neutralization reactions are processes in which an acid reacts with a base to yield water plus an ionic compound called a salt. You might recall from Section 2.9 that we defined acids as compounds that produce H+ ions when dissolved in water and bases as compounds that produce OH- ions when dissolved in water. Thus, the driving force behind a neutralization reaction is the production of the stable covalent water molecule by removal of H + and OH- ions from solution. The reaction between hydrochloric acid and aqueous sodium hydroxide to yield water plus aqueous sodium chloride is a typical example ... 

The synthesis of NAT was performed by reaction of the methylester of PCA with the acetonide of l,3,4-trihydroxybut-2-yl amine. After saponification with diluted sulfuric acid the neutral (non-ionic) compound NAT has been obtained [48]. 

In addition to water, which is always the product of a neutralization reaction, the other product is calcium sulfate, CaS04. This compound is a salt composed of Ca2+ ions and SO4 ions held together by ionic bonds. A salt, consisting of a cation other than H+ and an anion other than OH, is the other product produced in addition to water when an acid and base react. Some salts are hazardous substances and environmental pollutants because of their dangerous or harmful properties. Some examples include the following ... 

Neutralization reactions are a special type of double displacement reaction that produces water. Neutralization involves the reaction of an acid with a base to form water and an ionic compound. You will learn more about neutralization reactions in Chapter 10. For example, the neutralization of hydrogen nitrate (nitric acid) with sodium hydroxide (a base) is a double displacement reaction. 

The Arrhenius theory is useful if you are interested in the ions that result when an acid or a base dissociates in water. It also helps explain what happens when an acid and a base undergo a neutralization reaction. In such a reaction, an acid combines with a base to form an ionic compound and water. Examine the following reactions ... 

The ionic compound LVI is the major (no specified yield) component, while the neutral compound, LVII, is formed in ca. 10% yield. The solution properties of the reaction products LVI and LVII are markedly different, and separation is, therefore,... 

When magnesium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid react, the resulting solution has properties characterishc of neither an acid nor a base. This type of reaction is called a neutralizahon reaction. A neutralization reaction is a reaction in which an acid and a base react in aqueous solution to produce a salt and water. A salt is an ionic compound made up of a cation from a base and an anion from an acid. Neutralizahon is a double-replacement reaction. In the reachon between magnesium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid, magnesium replaces hydrogen in HCl and hydrogen replaces magnesium in Mg(OH)2. The reachon may be described by this balanced formula equahon. 

You just learned that a salt is an ionic compound made up of a cation from a base and an anion from an acid. What reaction, if any, occurs when a salt is dissolved in pure water In Figure 19-21, several drops of bromthymol blue indicator solution have been added to O.IOM aqueous solutions of the salts ammonium chloride (NH4CI), sodium nitrate (NaN03), and potassium fluoride (KF). Sodium nitrate turns the indicator green, which means that a solution of sodium nitrate is neutral. However, the blue color of the KF solution means that a solution of potassium fluoride is basic, and the yellow color of the ammonium chloride solution indicates that the NH4CI solution is acidic. Why are some aqueous salt solutions neutral, some basic, and some acidic ... 

Convention 1 is fundamental because it guarantees charge conservation The total number of electrons must remain constant in chemical reactions. This rule also makes the oxidation numbers of the neutral atoms of all elements zero. Conventions 2 to 5 are based on the principle that in ionic compounds the oxidation number should equal the charge on the ion. Note that fractional oxidation numbers, although uncommon, are allowed and, in fact, are necessary to be consistent with this set of conventions. 

At the same time, interaction of the neutral base 1 with polyboranes or boron trifluoride does occur even at low temperatures (Scheme 17)179. NMR monitoring showed that while 1 with diborane or BF3 gave salts of similar type, 144 and 145, interaction between 1 and decaborane resulted in proton transfer, and reaction with pentaborane led to the formation of ionic compound X+ B9II 4, whose cationic part (X+) remained unidentified. 

One of the most interesting things about acids and bases is that they can react with each other in such a way as to render each other harmless. A neutralization reaction occurs when aqueous solutions of an acid and a base react with each other to produce a salt (ionic compound) and water. The general format for neutralization reaction is this acid + base salt + water... 

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