Ion trap spectrometry

Reader S (1992) Identification and determination of butyltin compounds by gas chromatography - ion trap spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 262, 307-314. 

Blair, S., et aL "Determination of Gamma-Hydroxybu-lyrate in Water and Human Urine by Solid Phase Microex-tractioiv-Gas Chromatography/Quadrupole Ion Trap Spectrometry." Journal cf Forensic Sciences, 46 2001,688-693. 

March R E and Todd J F J 1995 Practical Aspects of Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry (Boca Raton, FL Chemical Rubber Company)... 

Son M, Frankevich V, Nappi M, Santini R E, Amy J W and Cooks R G 1996 Broad-band Fourier transform quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry Anal. Chem. 68 3341 -20... 

IKES. ion kinetic energy spectroscopy IRMS. isotope ratio mass spectrometry ISDMS. isotope dilution mass spectrometry ITMS. ion trap mass spectrometry LA. laser ablation... 

Adams, F., Gijbels, R., and Van Grieken, K., Inorganic Mass Spectrometry, Wiley Interscience, New York, 1988. Adams, R.R, Identification of Essential Oils by Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry, Academic Press, San Diego, CA 1989. 

The result of the Back-to-Basics series is an accumulation of some 50 separate but interrelated expositions of mass spectrometric principles and apparatus. Some areas of mass spectrometry, such as ion cyclotron resonance and ion trap instruments, have not been covered except for passing references. This decision has not been due to any bias by the authors or Micromass but simply reflects the large amount of writing that had to be done and the needs of the greatest proportion of users. 

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is an analytical method for mass determination of ionized molecules. It is a commonly used method for soft ionization of peptides and proteins in quadmpole, ion-trap, or time-of-flight mass spectrometers. The ionization is performed by application of a high voltage to a stream of liquid emitted from a capillaty. The highly charged droplets are shrunk and the resulting peptide or protein ions are sampled and separated by the mass spectrometer. 

Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is a method for obtaining sequence and structural information by measurement of the mass-to-charge ratios of ionized molecules before and after dissociation reactions within a mass spectrometer which consists essentially of two mass spectrometers in tandem. In the first step, precursor ions are selected for further fragmentation by energy impact and interaction with a collision gas. The generated product ions can be analyzed by a second scan step. MS/MS measurements of peptides can be performed using electrospray or matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization in combination with triple quadruple, ion trap, quadrupole-TOF (time-of-flight), TOF-TOF or ion cyclotron resonance MS. Tandem... 

It is worth noting, prior to citing actual metal atom studies, the recent secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) on an argon matrix-isolated propene sample, demonstrating the applicability of SIMS analysis to the characterization of matrix-isolated species. The same group h s reported the first C NMR spectra of organic molecules trapped in an argon matrix. ... 

Martinez Bueno MJM, Agiiera A, Gomez MJ, Hernando MD, Garcia JE, Fernandez-Alba AR (2007) Application of liquid chromatography/quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry and time-of-flight mass spectrometry to the determination of pharmaceuticals and related contaminants in wastewaters. Anal Chem 79 9372-9384... 

GC = gas chromatography ECD = electron capture detector EIA = enzyme-immunoassay GPC = gel permeation chromatography HPLC = high-performance liquid chromatography ITMS = ion trap mass spectrometer LSE = liquid solid extraction MS = mass spectrometry RSD = relative standard deviation SPE = solid phase extraction... 

Wang, H., Race, E.J., and Shrikhande, A.J., Characterization of anthocyanins in grape juices by ion trap liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Agric. Food Chem.,... 

Tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) uses more than one mass analyzer for structural and sequencing studies that have been found very useful for anthocyanin characterization. These mass analyzers may be of the same type (triple or quadru-poie)85,86 Qj. such as ion trap quadrupole, - and quadrupole-time-of-flight... 

A further extension of the DFG S19 method was achieved when polar analytes and those unsuitable for GC were determined by LC/MS or more preferably by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Triple-quadrupole MS/MS and ion trap MS" have become more affordable and acceptable in the recent past. These techniques provide multiple analyte methods by employing modes such as time segments, scan events or multiple injections. By improving the selectivity and sensitivity of detection after HPLC separation, the DFG S19 extraction and cleanup scheme can be applied to polar or high molecular weight analytes, and cleanup steps such as Si02 fractionation or even GPC become unnecessary. 

A multi-residue method based on SPE cleanup and gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry (GC/ITMS) was developed for the determination of 120 pesticides and related metabolites in two soils with organic matter contents of 4.0-5.2%. 

The most widely regarded approach to accomplish the determination of as many pesticides as possible in as few steps as possible is to use MS detection. MS is considered a universally selective detection method because MS detects all compounds independently of elemental composition and further separates the signal into mass spectral scans to provide a high degree of selectivity. Unlike GC with selective detectors, or even atomic emission detection (AED), GC/MS may provide acceptable confirmation of the identity of analytes without the need for further information. This reduces the need to re-inject a sample into a separate GC system (usually GC/MS) for pesticide confirmation. Through the use of selected ion monitoring (SIM), efficient ion-trap or quadrupole devices, and/or tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), modern GC/MS instruments provide LODs similar to or lower than those of selective detectors, depending on the analytes, methods, and detectors. 

Debrauwer, L. Rathahao, E. Jouanin, I. Paris, A. Clodic, G. Molines, H. Convert, O. Fournier, F. Tabet, J. C. Investigation of the regio- and stereoselectivity of deoxygua-nosine linkage to deuterated 2-hydroxyestradiol by using liquid chromatography/ESI-ion trap mass spectrometry. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2003, 14, 364—372. 

In mass spectrometers, ions are analysed according to the ml7. (mass-to-charge) value and not to the mass. While there are many possible combinations of technologies associated with a mass-spectrometry experiment, relatively few forms of mass analysis predominate. They include linear multipoles, such as the quadrupole mass filter, time-of-flight mass spectrometry, ion trapping forms of mass spectrometry, including the quadrupole ion trap and Fourier-transform ion-cyclotron resonance, and sector mass spectrometry. Hybrid instruments intend to combine the strengths of the component analysers. 

Appropriate use of RF and DC voltages means that some ions can be selectively retained and product ions generated. Some of these ions can then be selected and their product ions generated. In this manner, a fragmentation chain can be established. The ion trap is a typical tandem-in-time mass spectrometer, in which precursor and product ions are created and analysed in the same physical space ionisation and ion analysis, on the other hand, take place at different times ( MS/MS in time )- The operation can be repeated several times, making it possible to perform MS11. Ion trap mass spectrometry thus consists of ... 

Instrumental developments concern micro ion traps (sub-mm i.d.) [193], extension of the mass range, mass resolution and capture efficiency for ions generated externally. Fast separations at very low detection levels are possible by means of hybrid QIT/reToF mass spectrometry [194]. 

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