Integrin adhesion receptors

The interaction of CSN5 to the member of the IkB multigene family Bcl3, the progesterone receptor PR, and the steroid receptor co-activator SRC-1, leads to stabilization of Bcl3-p50 and PR-SRC-1 complexes and enhances transcriptional activity [42, 43]. Whereas AP-1 activity is stimulated by interaction of CSN5 with the integrin adhesion receptor LFA-1 [44], the opposite effect was reported in the... 

The largest numbers of integrins are members of the (31 integrins, also known as the very late antigen (VLA) subfamily because of its late appearance after activation. There are at least seven receptors characterized from this subfamily, each with different ligand specificity. Among the most studied include the 04(31 and a5 31 receptors. The leukocyte integrin a4 31 is a cell adhesion receptor that is predominantly expressed on lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils. 

The leukocyte integrin a 4(3 1 (also known as VLA-4 and CD49d/CD29) is a cell adhesion receptor, which is predominantly expressed on lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils. VLA-4 is generally selective for the CS1 domain within fibronectin, with an essential requirement for LDV sequence for binding. VLA-4 also binds to VCAM-1 as a counter receptor. 

In the intact blood vessel, ligands involved in adhesion to platelets, such as collagen, fibronectin, and von Willebrand factor, are sequestered in the subendothelium, thus preventing access to platelet adhesive receptors. Table 1 summarizes the functions of platelet membrane integrin receptors. 

Figure. 4. Principle of the cell adhesion to artificial materials. In cell culture media or body fluids, the material is spontaneously adsorbed with cell adhesion-mediating extracellular matrix proteins (e g., vitronectin, fibronectin). The cells then adhere to specific amino acid sequences of these proteins by their adhesion receptors of integrin or non-integrin type [38-41].

Aplin, A.E., Howe, A., Alahari, S.K., Jiiliano, R.L. (1998) Signal transduction and signal modulation by cell adhesion receptors the role of integrins, cadherins, immunoglobulin-cell adhesion molecules, and selectins. Pharmacol. Rev. 50, 197-263. 

Receptors (adhesion receptors) that interact with macromolecular components of the extracellular matrix (such as collagen) and convey to the cytoskeletal system instructions on cell migration or adherence to the matrix. Integrins (discussed in Chapter 10) illustrate this general type of transduction mechanism. 

The integrins (see also p. 405) comprise a large family of adhesive receptors that are found in animals from sponges to humans.63-65 They have both adhesive and signaling functions. Both subunits of their aP heterodimeric structures64 have single transmembrane... 

Humphries, M. J. Integrin cell adhesion receptors and the concept of agonism. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 21 29-32, 2000. 

However, unlike other cell surface receptors, integrin tails lack intrinsic catalytic activity. Instead, the tails of integrins recruit a plethora of signalling and adaptor molecules that assemble into FAs to relay intracellular signals, and to engage and remodel the actin cytoskeleton. To date, more than 150 proteins have been identified as being recruited to integrin adhesions and to constitute the adhesome [13-15],... 

No matter whether at the interface of foreign materials or under in vivo conditions, cell adhesion is always accomplished via interactions between extracellular ligands and receptors on the cell surface. Typical species of cell adhesion receptors are integrins, proteoglycans, and selectins. Accordingly,... 

ICAM-1, also known as CD54 (cluster of differentiation 54), is a human gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a type of intercellular adhesion molecule, normally present in low concentrations in the membranes of leukocytes and endothelial cells upon cytokine stimulation (particularly IL-1 and TNF-a) the concentrations greatly increase. ICAM-1 is a ligand for LFA-1 (integrin), a receptor found on leukocytes. When activated, leukocytes bind to endothelial cells via ICAM-1/LFA-1 and then transmigrate into tissues. 

Dejana E, Lauri D. Biochemical and functional characteristics of integrins a new family of adhesive receptors present in hematopoietic cells. Haematologica 1990 75 1-6. 

Cell surface ligands (integrins, adhesion molecules or surface receptors, vasculature, tumor lymphatics, normal organs/cells/body fluids) B-cell epitope mapping (gpl20, neolactotetraosylceramide) MHC class II molecule binding peptides peptide substrate for tPA peptide substrates for HIV-1 protease and SH2 and SH3 domain-binding peptides. 

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