T cells epitopes

Rothbard, J.B. and Taylor, W.R. (1988) A sequence pattern common to T cell epitopes. EMBOJournal , 93-100. 

Fig. 62. Poliovirus T cell epitopes capped with monomeric (515) and trimeric TN-antigens (516) that confered high murine immunogenicity.382 383...

Hoffman, S.L. et al., Plasmodium-Falciparum Sporozoite Boosting of Immunity Due to a T-Cell Epitope on a Sporozoite Vaccine, Experimental Parasitology. 64, 64, 1987. 

Larche M T cell epitope immunotherapy induces a CD4+ T cell population with regulatory activity. PLoS Med 2005 2 e78. 

Muller U, Akdis CA, Fricker M, Akdis M, Blesken T, Bettens F, Blaser K Successful immunotherapy with T-cell epitope peptides of bee venom phosphohpase A2 induces specific T-cell anergy in patients allergic to bee venom. J Allergy Chn Immunol 1998 101 747-754. 

Anderton SM, Wraith DC Hierarchy in the ability of T cell epitopes to induce peripheral tolerance to antigens from myelin. Eur J Immunol 1998 28 1251-1261. 

Panina-Bordignon P, et al. Universally immunogenic T cell epitopes promiscuous binding to human MHC class II and promiscuous recognition by T cells. Eur J Immunol 1989 19 2237. 

A. Trojan, J.L. Schultze, M. Witzens, R.H. Vonderheide, M. Ladetto, J.W. Donovan, and J.G. Gribben, Immunoglobulin framework derived peptides function as c34otoxic T cell epitopes commonly expressed in B-cell malignancies, Nat Med. 6, 667-672 (2000). 

HV164 Astwood J.D., and R. D. Hill. Molecular characterization of Hor v 9. Conservation of a T-cell epitope among group IX pollen allergens and human VCAM and CD2. Adv Exp Med Biol 1996 409 269-277. 

OE226 Cardaba, B., V. Del Pozo, A. Jurado, et al. Olive pollen allergy searching for immunodominant T-cell epitopes on the Ole e 1 molecule. Clin Exp Allergy 1998 28(4) 413-422. 

Takagi, H., Hiroi, T, Yang, L., Tada, Y, Yuki, Y, Takamura, K., Ishimitsu, R., Kawauchi, H., and Takaiwa, E. (2005). A rice-based edible vaccine expressing multiple T cell epitopes induces oral tolerance for inhibition of Th2-mediated IgE responses. PNAS 102(48) 17525-17530. 

L. Otvos, Jr., L. Urge, M. Hollosi, K. Wroblewski, G. Graczy, G. D. Fasman, and J. Thurin, Automated solid-phase synthesis of W-glycoproteins antennae into T cell epitopic peptides, Tetrahedron Lett. 37 5889 (1990). 

It is now possible to identify T-cell epitopes, which are recognized by receptor complexes on the T-lymphocyte surface, in addition to the B-cell epitopes recognized by antibodies (which are also the B-lymphocyte receptors). T-cells are stimulated by small peptide fragments of antigens produced by intracellular proteolytic processing, so problems of conformation do not arise, and syn-... 

DNA + peptides Gag (B) many T cell epitopes IL-12 or IL-15 orGM-CSF Phase I... 

A variation of the pharmacophore library was seen in an approach used to determine CD4+ T cell epitopes.31 In a 14-mer peptide, the researchers keep residues in positions 1, 4, and 6 constant since they functioned as anchor positions for binding receptor, and proceeded to vary the other residues in the peptide. This allowed the use of a shorter synthetic route compared to one that would be needed if all positions were to be varied. Limiting the size of the library allowed the authors to obtain better assays. By doing a partial release of the peptides, the authors were able to find the final peptide that represented the epitope of the T cell receptor. In another example, the epitope to inhibit stimulation of the thyrotropin receptor also was found via combinatorial libraries.32 Since the synthesis of a totally random hexapeptide library was deemed impractical, the authors opted to hold one position constant while the other five residues were randomized. This method was repeated for each residue in the peptide. The residues that were determined to be the most active were used as a basis for a second-generation library. The only limitation of the library was not the quantity of product synthesized, but to properly pinpoint the peptides in an assay. 

---