Integrated pest management diseases

Nelson, E.B., Burpee, L.L. and Lawton, M.B. (1994). Biological control of turfgrass diseases , in Leslie A.R., Handbook of Integrated Pest Management for Turf and Ornamentals, CRC Press/Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida, 409 -27. 

Nelson EB, Burpee LL, Lawton MB (1994) Biological control of turf-grass diseases. In Leslie AR (ed) Handbook of integrated pest management for turf and ornamentals. Lewis Publishers, Ann Arbor, MI, pp 409-427... 

Conklin AE, Erich MS, liebman M, Lambert D, Gallandt ER, Halteman WA (2002) Effects of red clover (Trifolium pratense) green manure and compost soil amendments on wild mustard (Brassica kaber) growth and incidence of disease. Plant Soil 238 245-256 Cook SM, Khan ZR, Pickett JA (2007) The use of push-pull strategies in integrated pest management. Annu Rev Entomol 52 375-400... 

Because of their after-infection and antisporulation activity against scab, the EBI fungicides are especially suitable for use in predictive disease control programs. Predictive disease control is an important part of integrated pest management programs on apples. A predictive system means control measures are applied after the onset of infection. Small special purpose computers with field... 

In practice, the distinction between these two definitions is somewhat blurred, because for many pest or disease problems a combination of measures is taken in the attempt to achieve control, including both chemical and nonchemical components. The term integrated pest management (IPM) is often used to describe such combination treatments, particularly those departing from the use of chemicals. However, it must be emphasised that the components of the IPM system need to be closely defined for each pest-control situation, and thus IPM in itself does not offer a universal panacea for alternatives to chemicals. The term is merely a loose generic descriptor of a wide variety of multicomponent control programmes. 

Insulators Poor conductors of heat and electricity Integrated pest management (IPM) Limits the use of pesticides by relying on a combination of disease-resistant crop varieties, natural predators or parasites, and selected use of pesticides... 

Crop Protection. Cotton can be affected by insects (30), weeds, diseases (31), nematodes, and mycotoxins. About 90% of the U.S. cotton uses Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices. This approach optimizes the total pest management system by utilizing all available tools, including rotation, crop residue destruction, maximum crop competitiveness, earliness, pest scouting, action thresholds, releases of beneficial insects, sterile insect releases, and selective crop protection chemistry. 

Because of Serenade s novel, complex mode of action, environmental friendliness and broad spectrum control, it is well suited for use in integrated pest management (IPM) programs that utilize many tools such as cultural practices, classical biological control and other fungicides. Serenade can be applied right up until harvest, which provides needed pre and post harvest protection when there is weather conducive to disease development around harvest time. 

BROOKS, K.M. (2009) Considerations in developing an integrated pest management programme for control of sea lice on farmed sahnon in Pacific Canada. Journal of Fish Diseases, 32 (1), 59-73. 

Key words integrated pest management (IPM) strategy, disease management, preventative measures, removal of infectious agents, biocontrol. 

Integrated crop and pest management reduces inputs by applying fertiliser and water only as needed for crop growth and targeting pesticides at those weeds, pests and diseases actually present in the crop. 

Abd El-Megid MS, Ibrahim AS, Khalid SA, Satour MM (1998) Studies on vegetable transplants using seed-bed solarization improvement of onion transplant characters and smut disease control. In Stapleton JJ, DeVay JE, Elmore CL(eds) Proceedings of the second international conference on soil solarization and integrated management of soil-borne pests, Aleppo, Syrian Arab Republic, 16-21 March 1997. FAO Plant Protection and Production Paper 147, FAO, Rome, Italy, pp 165-174... 

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