Pesticides targets

There are problems with this approach since enzymes isolated from natural sources such as the electric organ of electric eels often display low sensitivity and selectivity to the wide range of potential pesticide targets [21]. A possible solution to this is the development of a multisensor array where a variety of genetically modified acetylcholinesterases are immobilised on an array of electrochemical sensors and the responses from these are then processed via a neural network. 

Fig. 6 Detection frequency for pesticides targeted at 50 or more sites, in 127 studies conducted between 1958 and 1993. The relative agricultural use of each pesticide is shown in the left half of each graph. 2,4,5-T use percentage is based on a 1971 use estimate values for all other herbicides are based on 1989 use estimates. Organochlorine use percentage is based on 1966 use estimates values for other pesticides are based on 1990 use estimates. Numbers to the right of the bars represent the number of sites at which the chemical was targeted (T, triazines A, acetanilides P, phenoxys O, others OC, organochlorines CA, carbamates OP, organophosphates). From [12]...

Group of pesticides Target harmful organism Group of pesticides Target harmful organism... 

Improved targeting of pesticide monitoring will require the development of new analytical techniques and EQSs for priority pesticides to determine their environmental significance. To ensure confidence in the monitoring data, analytical techniques need to be able to detect the pesticide at 1/lOth of the EQS, which can be as low as 1 ngPk... 

We can list the following areas as prime targets essential oil and natural product analysis, chiral analysis (e.g. of fragrances), trace multi-residue analysis, pesticide monitoring, and further petroleum products applications, in fact any separation where simply greater resolution and sensitivity is demanded-which means probably almost... 

However, several application techniques are available that will place more pesticide in the target area and on the target... 

Bhattacharya S. 1993. Target and non-target effects of anticholinesterase pesticides in fish. Sci Total Environ Supp. 1993 859-866. 

---