Crop growth

Calcium. Soil minerals are a main source of calcium for plants, thus nutrient deficiency of this element in plants is rare. Calcium, in the form of pulverized limestone [1317-65-3] or dolomite [17069-72-6] frequendy is appHed to acidic soils to counteract the acidity and thus improve crop growth. Such liming incidentally ensures an adequate supply of available calcium for plant nutrition. Although pH correction is important for agriculture, and liming agents often are sold by fertilizer distributors, this function is not one of fertilizer manufacture. 

R. M. Sacher, "Strategies to Discover Plant Growth Regulators for Agronomic Crops," in Chemical Manipulation of Crop Growth and Development 1982, p. 167. 

Kumar, M. and Monteith, J. L. (1981). Remote sensing of crop growth. In Plants and the Daylight Spectrum" (H. Smith, ed.), pp. 133-144. Academic Press, New York. 

Repercussions of Soil Properties and Irrigation Water Quality on Crop Growth Under... 

The effect of water salinity on crop growth is largely of osmotic nature. Osmotic pressure is related to the total salt concentration rather than the concentration of individual ionic elements. Salinity is commonly expressed as the electric conductivity of the irrigation water. Salt concentration can be determined by Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) or by Electrical Conductivity (EC). Under a water scarcity condition, salt tolerance of agricultural crops will be the primordial parameter when the quality of irrigation water is implicated for the integrated water resources management [10]. 

D. J. Greenwood and T. V. Karpinets, Dynamic model for the effects of K-fertilizer on crop growth, K-uptake and soil-K in arable cropping I. Description of the model. Soil Use Mift. i34 19, (1997). 

M. van Noordwijk and S. C. van de Geijn, Root, shoot and soil parameters required for proeess-oriented models of crop growth limited by water or nutrients. Plant Soil I8S (1996). 

Plants grown for longer periods in solid supports such as sand or soil repre-.sent the next level of complexity and, although other techniques are available, carbon flow is most frequently estimated using C labeling experiments. In the laboratory, COt can be supplied to shoots either as a short pulse or continuously, and the carbon flow can be monitored. In the field, due to technical limitations, only COi pulse labeling procedures are possible. A final approach, termed crop studies, involves the measurement of components of crop growth from which... 

A description of the trial area, which includes a layout of the plots, the previous history of the trial area, a description of the plots, special local features, and the ownership of the land, should be recorded. Increasingly, digital photography is used to document site location, type of application used, crop growth stage, etc. 

No deleterious effects of either the wheat mulch or tillage were observed on soybeans (Table V) or corn (data not presented). In general, crop growth was better in mulched or no-till plots. Enhanced soil moisture in the mulched treatments and reduced morningglory densities in the non-tilled treatments may have contributed to improved crop growth. 

In this study, the main aim was to investigate how maize fertilized with wastewater at 120 kg N ha-1 affected crop growth, soil properties and the production of carbon dioxide (C02), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N20) compared with plants fertilized with urea [16]. 

Parameters for crop growth are weight of leaves and leaf colour. Parameters for carrot growth are root weight, monosaccharide content, nitrate content, emission of spectral range luminescence and rot in storage test (trend). 

Effects of copper-based fungicides on crop growth, the environment and food safety... 

As with particulate and soluble organic matter, seasonal fluctuations in potentially mineralizable C and N can occur in field soils (Boone 1994 Bonde and Rosswall 1987 Campbell et al.1999 a,b). These are normally related to seasonal inputs of readily mineralizable organic matter through rhizodeposition of root material during crop growth and/or inputs of litter and crop residues. 

Attention focused on inorganic arsenical pesticides after accumulations of arsenic in soils eventually became toxic to several agricultural crops, especially in former orchards and cotton fields. Once toxicity is observed, it persists for several years even if no additional arsenic treatment is made (Woolson 1975). Poor crop growth was associated with bioavailability of arsenic in soils. For example, alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) grew poorly in soils con-... 

Irrigated. Grown in levelled, bunded fields with good water control. Crop is fiansplanted or direct seeded in puddled soil, and a shallow floodwater is maintained on the soil surface so tiiat the soil is predominantly anoxic during crop growth. 

Lovett, J.V. In "Chemical Manipulation of Crop Growth and Development" McLaren, J.S., Ed. Butterworth Scientific London, 1982 pp. 93-110. 

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