Informal audits

On February 10 and 11 (1987, we) met in Geneva, New York and informally audited the Good Laboratory Practices (GLP s) and performed a Quality Assurance (QA) audit of. .. projects chosen at random. It was intended for the laboratory personnel to understand that the audit process would be helpful to their organization and also helpful to the. .. program. The entire staff of the Geneva labs participated in the process in a very cooperative and hospitable manner. 

OTHER USEFUL INFORMATION Audit carried out by pharmacist (or designated technician/supervisor) using the basic objectives and the stages of the process as a basis of the audit... 

Frequent visits to and informal audits of the plants will certainly help to educate the manufacturer about expectations and the GMP standard. Involving them in discussions with customers will also emphasize the need to upgrade quality standards. But any improvement in the quality standard will also need the full support of upper management. As a result of the many returnees from the Western countries, Chinese management talent is becoming more forward thinking (i.e.. Western style and pro-customer) at Chinese companies. And with the privatization of many previously... 

The PDCA management model is applied to coal mine hazard information closed-loop management system. It will implement the closed-loop hazard information management according to the science program of plan-do—check-action, in the meanwhile, it increases the work of information audit and feedback about the hazard information input, the hazard rectification, assessment and other information. It makes various processes closely linked and hazard information timely and effective... 

A management-risk analysis method would not only inform safety cases, it would also be complimentary to an organisation s audit function. For example, a checklist to inform audits could be made of processes or activities that are deemed particularly risky or that rely on assumptions in which there is limited confidence. In addition, the frequency or thoroughness of audits and the focus of safety assessments may also be increased for parts of a management system that are considered similarly risky, or whose failures could lead to particularly severe consequences. In these ways, both the efficiency and the effectiveness of audits and safety assessments could be improved. 

It would be suitable for selective use in management dedsion-making, and managers could easily be trained to use it for that purpose. It could inform audits and safety assurance, and it would provide input to safety cases. 

TABLE 7-1 Typical PSSR issues from formal or informal audits... 

An organisation such as the example above includes sub groups for each of the main activities and a support (or services) group to manage information and procurement. Auditing commitments may be fulfilled by an independent in-house team or by external auditors. 

Sample scan data is a good way to archive the results of an inspection. The inspection could be re-visited later to see how the eddy-current response has changed over time. Random audits of the quality of inspection detection could be monitored. The inspection could also be reviewed if new information becomes known, say from inspection conducted using alternate methods. 

The next process step evaluates the process safety management systems to determine if they are adequate to achieve the desired results, and if they are used as intended. This evaluation is highly subjective on the auditors part. This step sets the stage for the rest of the audit, guiding the auditor s information gathering and focusing attention on critical areas. 

All pollution prevention programs start the same - with an audit. The objective of an audit is to gather information aimed at developing a baseline description of the operations. Once we understand how much the costs of compliance to air and other pollution media are, then we can apply engineering tools and management practices to reduce these costs. 

Step 1.6 Review Documentation. Collate and review all existing documentation and information regarding the process. Regional or plant surveys may have been undertaken, environmental audits may have been conducted, safety audit findings may be available these could yield useful information indicating the areas for concern, and will show gaps where no data are available. 

Conventional stoiehiometrie equations show the reaetants that take part and the produets formed in a ehemieal reaetion. However, there is no indieation about what takes plaee during this ehange. A detailed deseription of a ehemieal reaetion outlining eaeh separate stage is referred to as the meehanism. Meehanisms of reaetions are based on experimental data, whieh are seldom eomplete, eoneerning transition states and unstable intermediates. Therefore, they must to be eon-tinually audited and modified as more information is obtained. 

Exeept for the bolded seetions, the following information was taken direetly from a report entitled EPA/LABOR Superfund Elealth and Safety Taskforee OSHA Audits of Superfund Sites 1993 to 1996, dated August 25, 1997. The report is lengthy, so the authors have only ineluded parts of the report they felt to be pertinent to the subjeets within the main body of the book. 

The information that follows summarizes the findings of audits and site safety and health plan (SSAHP) reviews performed for eleven... 

Trade secrets may be used in developing the information for the process hazard analysis emergency planning and responses, and compliance audits. Materials that are developed involving trade secrets may be treated as proprietary and may require signed statements for tl protection. 

The audit includes a review of the process safety information, inspection of the physical facilities, and interviews with all levels of plant personnel. Using the procedures and checklist, the team systematically analyzes compliance with the PSM Rule and any other relevant corporate policies. The training program is reviewed for adequacy of content, frequency and effectiveness of training. Interviews determine employee knowledge and awareness ofthe safety procedures, duties, rules, and emergency response assignments. The team identifies deficiencies in the application of safety and health policies, procedures, and work authorization practices to determine live actions. 

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