Immunity peptides enhancing

McGuire MJ, et al. A library-selected, Langerhans cell-targeting peptide enhances an immune response. DNA Cell Biol 2004 23 742. 

AMPs can act as adjuvants for adaptive immune responses, enhancing specific and protective responses. LL-37 [200], cathelin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP) [189] and mouse BD-2 [201] enhanced antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses, and induced protective anti-tumor immunity in some conditions [200]. It has been suggested that even low doses of AMPs can influence immune responses, since LL-37 has a synergistic activity with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-ip [155,196]. 

McGuire, M. J., Sykes, K. R, Samli, K. N., Barry, M. A., Stemke-Hale, K. A., Taglia-ferri, R, Logan, M., Jansa, K., Takashima, A., Brown, K. C., and Johnston, S. A. (2004) A library selected Langerhans cell-targeting peptide enhances an immune response. DNA Cell Biol. 23,742-752... 

The skin, together with the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, are the areas which are constantly exposed to microbes and, consequently, they are the main locations of synthesis of antimicrobial peptides. Besides their direct antimicrobial activity, antimicrobial peptides released from circulating cells or induced in the epithelia can also promote a response of the adaptive immune system. Different possible modes of action have been suggested for a- and / -defensins. It was suggested that antimicrobial peptides enhance the recruit-... 

Pantarotto, D. et al. (2003) Immunization with peptide-functionalized carbon nanotubes enhances virus-specific neutralizing antibody responses. Chem. Biol, 10, 961-966. 

Cui Z, Han SJ, Huang L. Coating of mannan on LPD particles containing HPV E7 peptide significantly enhances immunity against HPV-positive tumor. Pharm Res 2004 21 1018. 

The cells of the immune system communicate with each other particularly intensively. The T-cell receptor plays a central role in the activation of T lymphocytes (see p. 296). The cell at the top has been infected with a virus, and it indicates this by presenting a viral peptide (violet) with the help of a class 1 MHC protein (yellow and green). The combination of the two molecules is recognized by the dimeric T-cell receptor (blue) and converted into a signal that activates the T cell (bottom) and thereby enhances the immune response to the virus. 

In the context of individual candidate antigens, Sm28GST has been the subject of a formidable effort to enhance and sustain immune responses in order to improve efficacy. This has involved the mapping and synthesis of antigenic peptides and their coupling to tetanus toxoid carrier for the vaccination of rats (Auriault... 

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