Host, cylindrical

Scheme 7.1 Equivalent electric circuit and illustration of Li-ion intercalation into the host cylindrical material, Lii Co02. ...

Other frequently used resonators are dielectric cavities and loop-gap resonators (also called split-ring resonators) [12]. A dielectric cavity contains a diamagnetic material that serves as a dielectric to raise the effective filling factor by concentratmg the B field over the volume of the sample. Hollow cylinders machmed from Ilised quartz or sapphire that host the sample along the cylindrical axis are conunonly used. 

Fig. 3. Crown compounds/cryptands and analogous inclusion hosts. (1 4) Crown macro rings bicyclic cryptands (5) [37095-49-17, (6) [31250-06-3J, (7) [31364-42-8] (8) [23978-09-8]-, (9) spherical cryptand [56698-26-1]-, (10) cylindrical cryptand [42133-16-4]-, (11) apodand [57310-75-5]-, and (12) a spherand...

Solid-State Lasers. Sohd-state lasers (37) use glassy or crystalline host materials containing some active species. The term soHd-state as used in connection with lasers does not imply semiconductors rather it appHes to soHd materials containing impurity ions. The impurity ions are typically ions of the transition metals, such as chromium, or ions of the rare-earth series, such as neodymium (see Lanthanides). Most often, the soHd material is in the form of a cylindrical rod with the ends poHshed flat and parallel, but a variety of other forms have been used, including slabs and cylindrical rods with the ends cut at Brewster s angle. 

The turbine type of helicity in canals is a toroidal turbine, and can occur with proper rotation axes and with 2V 42, 63 screw axes, and depends on the object rotated. It is necessary that a distinctive principal plane or axis of the host molecule or molecular fragment be canted in the cylindrical surface of the canal so that it is neither parallel to or perpendicular to the axis of the canal. No unequivocal instance of this type of helical canal has been reported. The cyclodextrin unimolecular hosts 3 4) might be... 

Boron-containing carbons synthesized by co-pyrolysis of coal-tar pitch with pyridine-borane complex (series 25Bn) have already been considered as hosts for lithium insertion [4], Unlike the commercial graphites described above, the boron-doped carbon 25B2 (WUT) as received was not suitable for direct use in the cylindrical cell due to very large and hard particles. This feature makes the coating process very difficult. 

Recently, it has become clear to the author that cyclodextrin is one of the promising hosts for macromolecular recognition, with the finding that the cylindrical channel formed when it is stacked in a linear row is able to accommodate one or more long-chain guests. Thus, he and his coworkers launched a series of experiments to explore the formation of inclusion complexes between... 

For cylindrical or disk-like shaped metal complexes the orientation selection may be improved using nematic glasses as host compounds. It is well established that the molecules of a liquid crystal in the nematic phase temperature region are oriented in a... 

Figure 1.22. Representation of a cylindrical host containing noninteracting donor molecules D and at both ends a layer of traps T.

On the contrary, cucurbiturils preferentially coniine charged, but not neutral, species. Cucurbiturils also possess cylindrical cavities suitable for the inclusion of organic molecules. Cucurbiturils are a family of macrocyclic host molecules consisting of methylene-bridged glucouril units (see Scheme 2.44). 

Nematodes are long, cylindrical unsegmented worms that are tapered at both ends. Because of their shape, they are commonly referred to as roundworms. Some intestinal nematodes contain a mouth with three lips, and in some the mouth contains cutting plates. Infection occurs after ingestion of embryonated eggs or tissues of another host that contain larval forms of the nematodes. 

A majority of the host systems mentioned so far have been shown to encapsulate halide guests as a consequence of the symmetrical nature of their binding pockets, which readily adapt to the spherical symmetry of the halide ion. A study of the bis-tren macrobicyclic ligand 19-6H, however, has revealed that, in addition to accommodating halide anions, it is also able to encapsulate azide, N, within its cylindrical cavity. Solution stability constant measurements indicate that the host... 

Molybdenum disulphide is another layered intercalation host, similar to titanium disulphide. This material occurs naturally and formed the basis of the positive electrode for the first high production cylindrical AA-sized cell, manufactured by Moli Energy Ltd in Canada in the 1980s. Cycle life of 100-300 was achieved in practical cells with average discharge voltages of 1.8 V for low rates, giving a theoretical density of approximately 300 Wh/kg. 

At the present time, there is no accepted chelating agent which can be used against common influenza viruses in humans. A virus has a core of either DNA or RNA and a protective coat of many identical protein units. All viruses are either rods or spheres, that is the protein coats are cylindrical shells having helical symmetry or spherical shells having icosahedral symmetry. Viruses reproduce inside living cells, where each viral nucleic acid directs the synthesis of about 1000 fresh viruses. These are then released and the host cell may die. 

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