Titanium disulphide

Historically the most commonly used lithium intercalation compound was titanium disulphide, TiS2- This compound has a layered structure of covalently bound S-Ti-S stacks held together by weak van der Waals forces. Each stack is formed by a layer of titanium atoms between two layers of sulphur atoms in a hexagon ally close packed arrangement, Lithium ions can be readily intercalated between the stacks, and if the intercalation level x is maintained below unity, the process induces only a modest and reversible expansion along the c axis (Fig. 7.13). The electrochemical reaction of the Li/TiS2 couple... 

Molybdenum disulphide is another layered intercalation host, similar to titanium disulphide. This material occurs naturally and formed the basis of the positive electrode for the first high production cylindrical AA-sized cell, manufactured by Moli Energy Ltd in Canada in the 1980s. Cycle life of 100-300 was achieved in practical cells with average discharge voltages of 1.8 V for low rates, giving a theoretical density of approximately 300 Wh/kg. 

The most common intercalation compounds employed by LPBs are vanadium oxide, V60i3(5, 11-14), vanadium bronze, LiVsOs (15-18), titanium disulphide, TiS2[12], titanium dioxide, Ti02[19] and lithium-manganese-oxide spinel Lii+xMn2O4[20]. The amount of lithium which can be reversibly intercalated in the various cited compounds, namely the value of X in equation [6.2], varies from case to case. Accordingly, the value... 

The Mallory discontinued lithium—titanium disulphide secondary battery... 

The lithium-titanium disulphide solid state reehargeable battery was at one time considered by PJi. Mallory (now Duiacell) as a candidate for large-scale energy storage applications but, due to lack of durability, interest in this application has now declined. 

A secondary 2.5 V lithium-titanium disulphide battery developed in the mid-eighties by Evcready, employing a LiI-LigP40o 25Sii3.75 vitreous inorganic electrolyte has reached the semi-commercial stage. 

Lithium titanium disulphide secondary solid state battery... 

Lithium-titanium disulphide secondary solid state battery with Lil/Li8P4Do.25Sii3.75 vitreous electrolyte Eveready Battery Co., US (semi—eommereial)... 

Winn DA, Steele BCH (1976) Thermodynamic characterization of non-stoichiometric titanium disulphide. Mater Res Bull 11 551-558... 

Anderman M, Lunquist JT, Johnson SL, Gionannoi TR (1989) Rechargeable lithium-titanium disulphide cells of spirally-wound design. J Power Sourc 26 309-312... 

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