Intercalation layer

Other mechanism for doping the tubules. Doping of the nanotubes by insertion of an intercalate species between the layers of the tubules seems unfavorable because the interlayer spacing is too small to accommodate an intercalate layer without fracturing the shells within the nanotube. 

In the pyroaurite structure the brucite layers are cationic. However, on oxidation the resultant brucite layers in y - NiOOH are anionic. To preserve electroneutrality, cations and anions are exchanged in the intercalated layer during the oxidation-reduction process. This is illustrated in Fig. 4. In the case of Mn-substituted materials, some Mn can be reduced to Mn(II). This neutralizes the charge in the brucite layer this part of the structure reverts to the P - Ni(OH)2 structure and the intercalated water and anions are expelled from the lattice. With this there is a concomitant irreversible contraction of the interlayer spacing from 7.80 to 4.65A [72]. 

The intercalant layer, which comprises the anions A and ligands S, is placed between two positively charged graphite layers. 

Nanohybrids can be prepared in the form of intercalated layered nanocomposites produced by co-assembly of guest biomolecules in the presence of exfoliated organoclay sheets (Section 8.4), or by wrapping single biomolecules in ultrathin layers of condensed organoclay oligomers (Section 8.5). Such approaches should provide new general routes towards the development of functional biomaterials with numerous applications. 

A.R. Beal, in Intercalated Layered Materials, F.A. Levy (ed), D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, 1979,251. 

Keywords In-situ Intercalation Layered Double Hydroxide... 

Bruce DW, O Hare D (1996) Inorganic Materials. Wiley Herold A (1979) Intercalated Layered Materials. Dordrecht Solin SA (1997) Annu Rev Mater Sci 27 89 Cherns D, Ngo GP (1983) J Solid State Chem 50 7 Shi JM, Anderson MW, Carr SW (1996) Chem Mater 8 369 Twu J, Dutta PK, Kresge CT (1991) Zeolites 11 672... 

Subba Rao, G. V. Shafer, M. W. (1979) Intercalated Layered Materials (ed. Levy, F.) D. Reidel, Dordrecht, Holland. 

DS-LDH Laboratory-synthesized organophilic dodecyl sulfate-intercalated layered double hydroxide EB Electron beam... 

Sharma, S., A. Ramanan, and M. Jansen. 2004. Hydrothermal synthesis of new organically intercalated layered vanadates. Solid State Ionics. 170 93-98. 

Shi, L. Li, D., Wang, J., Li, S., Evans, D.G., and Duan, X. 2005. Synthesis, flame retardant and smoke-suppressant properties of a borate-intercalated layered double hydroxide. Clays Clay Miner., 53(3), 294-300. 

Since the discovery of high temperature superconductivity in cuprates, there has been intense interest in transition metal oxides with strongly layered, (quasi) two-dimensional (2D) crystal structures and electronic properties. For several years now alkali-metal intercalated layered cobaltates, particularly Na CoCL (NxCO)withx 0.50 — 0.75, have been pursued for their thermoelectric properties [1] IAX C0O2 is of course of great interest and importance due to its battery applications. The recent discovery[2] and confirmation[3-5] of superconductivity in this system, for x 0.3 when intercalated with H20, has heightened interest in the NxCO system. 

Challier, T. and Slade, R. C. T. (1994). Nanocomposite materials - polyaniline-intercalated layered double hydroxides. J. Mater. Chem. 4, 367. 

Fudala, A., Palinko, I. and Kiricsi, I. (1999). Preparation and characterization of hybrid organic-inorganic composite materials using the amphoteric property of amino acids amino acid intercalated layered double hydroxide and montmorillonite. Inorg. Chem. 38, 4653. 

As outlined in the introduction, polymer melts can intercalate layered inorganic compounds unassisted by shear or solvents. This is a rather surprising result as it implies that polymer chains can undergo large center of mass displacement in almost two dimensional interstices as the distances between the confining sur-... 

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