Heavy metals, tolerance

Baker A.J.M., Walker P.L. Ecophysiology of metal uptake by tolerant plants. In Heavy Metal Tolerance in Plants Evolutionary Aspects, A.J. Shaw, ed. Boca Raton, FL CRC Press. 1989. 

Some heavy metal-tolerant bacterial strains and their sorption capacities for Cu and Cd are listed in Table 1. These bacteria show great potential for remediating soils that are contaminated with toxic metals. Our pot culture experiments showed that the growth of tobacco plants in a Cd-polluted Yellow Brown Soil (Alfisol) was significantly promoted by inoculating the soil with P. Putida in comparison with the non-inoculated soil (Fig. 2). 

Benson, W.H. and W.J. Birge. 1985. Heavy metal tolerance and metallothionein induction in fathead minnows results from field and laboratory investigations. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 4 209-217. 

Suzuki, K.T., H. Sunaga, S. Hatakeyama, Y. Sumi, and T. Suzuki. 1989. Differential binding of cadmium and copper to the same protein in a heavy metal tolerant species of mayfly (Baetis thermicus) larvae. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 94C 99-103. 

NeumannD, zurNiedenU, SchwiegerW, Leopoldl, Lichtenberger O. Heavy metal tolerance of Minuartia verna. J Plant Physiol 1997 151 101-108. 

Kawashima, C., G., Noji, M., Nakamura, M., Ogra, Y., Suzuki, K. T., and Saito, K., 2004, Heavy metal tolerance of transgenic tobacco plants over-expressing cysteine synthase, Biotechnol. Lett. 26 153-157. 

Meerts, P., and Van Isacker, N., 1997, Heavy metal tolerance and accumulation in metallicolous and non-metaUicolous populations of Thlaspi caerulescens from continental Europe, Plant Ecol. 133 221-231. 

Interestingly, many hyperthermophiles also are highly salt tolerant. This is an adaptation to life involving aqueous systems that evolve with high-pressure liquid/vapor and supercritical fluid-phase separation of hydrother-mally heated seawater. Both psychrophiles and hyperthermophiles have large numbers of species that also require heavy-metal tolerance, due to the concentration of heavy metals by the thermodynamic phase-separation processes operative in both very cold and very hot aqueous systems (Breezee et al. 2004 Kaye and Baross 2002 Summit and Baross 1998). 

Brooks, R. R., Malaise, F. (1985). The Heavy Metal Tolerant Flora of South Africa, Rotterdam Balkema. 

Heavy metal tolerance remains one of the clearest examples of microevolution, and one of the best systems to study the relationship between adaptation and ecology. It provides a model for the evolution of ecotypes and edaphic endemics. At the physiological and biochemical level, it is a model system for the study of the mechanisms of resistance to stress and pollution. Many questions remain unanswered, however, among the principal ones of which are ... 

Macnair, M. R. (1990), in Heavy Metal Tolerance in Plants Evolutionary Aspects Shaw, A. 

Roelofs D, Marien J, Van Straalen NM. 2007. Differential gene expression profiles associated with heavy metal tolerance in the soil insect Orchesella cincta. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 37 287-295. 

Perotto, S. Martino, E. (2001). Molecular and cellular mechanisms of heavy metal tolerance in mycorrhizal fungi what perspectives for bioremediation Minerva Biotechnologica, 13, 55-63. 

Canovas, D., Cases, I., de Lorenzo, V. (2003). Heavy metal tolerance and metal homeostasis in Pseudomonas putida as revealed by complete genome analysis. Environ. Microbiol. 5 1242-56. 

Oxalate is found in plants, animals, and in humans. Oxalate content of plants is, compared to that of animals and humans, much higher. The calcium oxalate found in plants can even account for a large amount of their total calcium. Plant oxalate is the main regulator of calcium concentrations in plant tissues, an important factor in plants defense (against herbivores), and in heavy metal tolerance [2]. In contrast to these important roles that have been dedicated to oxalate in plants, in... 

The assessment of heavy metal tolerance would not only allow for maximum growth and survivability for the plants but would also indicate potentially harmful accumulatory species. 

The bZIP protein family is the third prominent group of TFs playing a vital role in PDR. Of the several YAP genes in yeast, the basic leucine zipper transcription factors Yapl, Yap2, and Yap8 are linked to oxidative stress response [98,120], vacuolar detoxification, and heavy metal tolerance. 

Colpaert, J. V., Vandenkoomhuyse, P., Adriaensen, K., and Vangronsveld, J. (2000). Genetic variation and heavy metal tolerance in the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete Suillus luteus. New Phytol. 147, 367—379. 

Griffioen, W. A. J. (1994). Characterization of a heavy metal-tolerant endomycorrhizal fungus from the surroundings of a zinc refinery. Mycorrhiza 4, 197-200. 

Pennanen, T., Frostegaard, A., Fritze, H., and Baath, E. (1996). Phospholipid fatty acid composition and heavy metal tolerance of soil microbial communities along two heavy metal-polluted gradients in coniferous forests. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62, 420-428. 

Eq. 1 allowed the plotting of rates of enrichment of resistance, with different scenarios of selection pressure, seed bank size, fitness, and initial mutation frequency (Fig. 1A). The values that could be plugged into the equation to generate the scenarios were based on a very limited data-base, mostly from corollary systems, such as heavy-metal tolerance. We knew too little about weed-herbicide interactions at that time to make precise estimates. With the experience of hindsight, we can see where the model was clearly correct, and where it needed modification. 

C., Heavy metal tolerance in Typha latifolia without the evolution of tolerant races. Ecology, 55, 1163-1165, 1974. 

Neumann D and Zue Nieden U (2001) Silicon and heavy metal tolerance of higher plants. Phytochemistry 56 685-692. 

Gaetside DWand McNeillyT (1974) The potential for the evolution of heavy metal tolerance in plants II. Copper tolerance in normal populations of different plant species. Heredity 32 335-348. 

Shaw AJ (1999) The evolution of heavy metal tolerance in plants Adaptations, limits, and costs. In Forbes VE, ed. Genetics and ecotoxicology, pp. 9-30. Taylor and Francis, Philadelphia. 

Schat H, Vooijs R and Kuiper E (1996) Identical major gene loci for heavy metal tolerances that have independently evolved in different local populations and subspecies of Silene vulgaris. Evolution 50 1888-1895. 

Foster, P.L., 1977. Copper exclusion as a mechanism of heavy metal tolerance in a green alga. Nature, 269 322—323. 

Nash III, T.H., 1989. Metal tolerance in lichens. In Shaw, A.J. (Ed.), Heavy Metal Tolerance in Plants Evolutionary Aspects. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 119-131. 

Wu, L., Bradshaw, A.D., Thurman, D.A., 1975. The potential forevolution of heavy metal tolerance in plants. III. The rapid evolution of copper tolerance in Agroslis stolonifera. Heredety 34, 165-187. 

Landberg, T., Greger, M., 1994. Can heavy metal tolerant clones of Salix be used as vegetation filters on heavy metal contaminated land In Perttu, K., Aronsson, P. (Eds.), Willow Vegetation Filters for Municipal Wastewaters and Sludges, Rapport 50, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, pp. 133-144. 

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