Heat, and weathering

Metal oxides. Zinc oxide is the most effective metal oxide. The zinc oxide should have a low lead content. Zinc oxide has three main functions (a) promote cure (b) improves ageing, heat and weathering resistance (c) acid acceptor. In general, 2-5 phr zinc oxide is added in latex formulations. 

TPS are used in the footwear, automotive, construction, hygiene, packaging, sports and leisure, consumer durable and disposable sectors for various moulded and extruded technical goods, soft-touch overmoulding, etc., SEES satisfying more stringent specifications than SBS particularly versus heat and weathering. 

Carbon-chain superpolymers (with chains consisting only of carbon atoms) are as a rule not heat- and weather-resistant enough that is why synthetic chemists have always aimed to synthesise new, more heat- and weather-resistant polymers. This aim was one of the reasons for creating... 

The high resistance of polyorganosiloxanes allows them to be used as heat- and weather-resistant coatings to protect steel, aluminum and other metals and materials from corrosion. Polyorganosiloxane coatings can be used at 200 °C and higher. 

Silicone resins with high phenyl contents may be used with medium- or short-oil alkyds as blends in air-dried or baked coatings to improve heat and weather resistance, whereas the alkyd component contributes to adhesion and flexibility. Major applications include insulation varnishes, heat-resistant paints, and marine coatings. 

More recently, blends of a partially crosslinked thermoplastic elastomer with 5-40 parts of a PO (viz. LLDPE, PP, EPR, or PB-1) were developed for low density, foamable alloys [Okada et al, 1998a]. The density was reduced at least by a factor of two. In the following patent 1-17 wt% of a long-chain branched PP was also added [Okada et al, 1998b]. The extmded foam was free of surface roughness caused by defoaming, was soft to the touch and showed excellent heat and weathering resistance. 

Blends of PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) and ABS that are strong, resistant to heat and weathering and have good flow properties during processing are used in automobile rear light cluster frames. 

Blue and green organic pigment molecules have complicated, non-azo polycyclic stmctures, or are complexes with metals such as copper. Blue phthalocyanine, for example, is a classical pigment that is relatively low cost, bright, transparent, food-friendly, and heat- and weather-stable. Different crystal forms of "phthalo" provide different shades of green or blue. 

Chetn. Descrip. Epoxidized soybean oil CAS 8013-07-8 EINECS/ELINCS 232-391-0 Uses Stabilizer and plasticizer for all PVC formulations, film and sheet for agric., transparent food pkg., cable, gasket, hose, tube, paint stabilizer for org. halogen such as neoprene Features Provides exc. heat and weathering stability rec. for improving heat stability in Ba-Zn or Ca-Zn formulation Regulatory FDA and JHPA compliance... 

These materials will biodeteriorate under humid conditions unless inhibitors are used. Their resistance to heat and weathering is poor therefore, they are restricted to indoor applications. Soybean glues are filled for paper and paperboard lamination, cardboard and box fabrication, and particle binders. ... 

Coatings. Sihcone resin solutions are baked to produce release coatings that are resistant to heat, water, and weather. These are used in cooking and baking and for water-repellent masomy. They are also copolymerized with other thermosetting coatings to increase their heat and weather resistance. 

Properties of Chlorosulfonated Rubber Vulcanizates. Properties of CSM vulcanizates are very similar to those of CM vulcanizates. It has a combination of toughness, resistance against dry heat and weathering, ozone resistance, flame resistance, resistance to hot oUs, corrosive chemicals, and so forth. 

Long branch containing PP with partially cross-linked EPR and a foaming agent Reduction of density by > 2, smooth surface, heat and weathering resistance Okada et al. 1998... 

Neoprene ne-o- pren [ne- + chloroprene] (1937) (Polychloroprene, poly-2-chloro-l-butadiene) n. Elastomers made from the monomer CH2=CHCC1=CH2. They are available as dry solids and lattices, and are vulcanizable to tough products with excellent resistance to oils, gasoline, solvents, heat, and weathering. The original neoprene, produced by DuPont under the trade name Duprene , was America s first successful synthetic rubber, manufactured by DuPont. 

Lead, barium and cadmium based stabilisers are widely used for rigid PVC [16]. However, calcium and zinc containing materials are preferable as they offer good heat and weather stability and are used in flexible PVC applications. Foamed PVC can be considered more... 

Chlorosulfonatedpolyethylene (CSM) is well known under its common trade name Hypalon. It is prepared by reacting polyethylene with sulfur dioxide and chlorine. This elastomer has outstanding chemical resistance to oxidizing environments including ozone, but it is readily attacked by fuming nitric and sulfuric acids. It is oil-resistant but it has poor resistance to aromatic solvents and most fuels. Except for its excellent resistance to oxidizing media, its physical and chemical properties are similar to that of neoprene with however improved resistance to abrasion, heat and weathering. 

Oxidizing alkyds can be modified by reaction with vinyl monomers. The most widely used monomers are ethenylbenzene [100-42-5] (styrene), 1-ethenyl-2-methylbenzene (vinyl toluene), and 2-methyl-2-propenoic acid methyl ester (methyl methacrylate), but essentially any vinyl monomer can be reacted in the presence of an alkyd to give a modified alkyd. Methyl methacrylate imparts better heat and weather resistance than styrene but at higher cost. 

Chlorinated polyethylene elastomer (CPE) has been produced by the introduction of chlorine atoms onto the polyethylene backbone in order to reduce the crystallization ability of polyethylene. In addition, the enhancement in resistance to hydrocarbon oil, heat and weathering is also achieved. To gain desired properties of the final products, CPE has been blended with many polymers, including polyvinyl chloride, styrene-acrylonitrile and polyurethane. Compared to NR, CPE is relatively expensive and therefore the blending of CPE/NR is one of methods to reduce the production cost of the final products requiring CPE properties. Some researchers from Thailand are working with this kind of blend. ... 

Non-accelerated, neo-pentyl glycol/isophthalic resin suitable for formulating into easily pigmented gel coats specifically designed for brush application and offering chemical, heat and weather resistance. 

Silicone modified Heat and weather resistance, gloss retention... 

Resorcinol-formaldehyde resins are cold-setting adhesives for wood structures. Urea-formaldehyde adhesives, commonly modified with melamine formaldehyde, are used in the production of plywood and in wood veneering for interior applications. Phenol-form-aldehyde and resorcinol-formaldehyde adhesive systems have the best heat and weather resistance. 

Due to their chemical make-up, most plastics are susceptible to damage from the influence of the environment due to the action of light, heat and weathering. This ageing process is accompanied by a drop in both the visual (commonly seen in a yellowing of white carrier bags) and mechanical properties of the plastic, and it affects both virgin and recyclate materials alike. Plastics are also... 

Effective thermai-oxidative stabilization is a prerequisite for good light stability. Thus, no disadvantageous material changes were observed over the years in polyamides stabiiized against thermal-oxidative degradation as long as extreme irradiation, heat and weather influences were exciuded [86]. 

Styrene-butadiene rubbers can be blended also in all proportions with halobutyl rubbers. Usually, halobutyl rubbers comprise a major part of these blends to ensure maximum resistance to heat and weathering. Styrene-butadiene rubbers do not impart a sufficiently high level of building tack for that reason some NR may be necessary for blends intended for manufacturing items. 

Inorganic nanofjarticles such as silica, and titanium oxide, are widely used industrially as fillers and pigments for pwlymer materials, because inorganic nanoparticles have excellent properties such as chemical, heat and weather resistance, lightweight, thermal conductivity... 

Chloroprene Neoprene (CR) 100-800 50 to 105 (60 to 225) Excellent ozone, heat, and weathering resistance good oil resistance excellent flame resistance not as good in electrical applications as natural rubber Wire and cable chemical tank linings belts, hoses, seals, and gaskets... 

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