Hamster assay

In the cholesterol fed hamster assay, these compounds were both active in vivo, with the A-iodophenyl analog III having slightly better potency. The derivatives bearing a benzylic hydroxyl moiety displayed a significant potency advantage over... 

In the procedure for the surface test (313), the vims is grown in a monolayer of baby hamster kidney cells and incubated in Eagles medium supplemented with tryptose phosphate broth and calf semm. After separation of the vims from the cells by sonification and centrifugation, amounts of the suspension containing 3 x 10 plaque-forrning units are dried on coversHps. The inoculated coversHps are placed in 5 ml of the disinfectant for 1, 5, or 10 min, then rinsed, sonicated, and assayed. 

Results of methyl parathion assays involving effects on chromosomes have also been contradictory. For sister chromatid exchange, Waters et al. (1982) reported a positive response in Chinese hamster ovary cells only in the presence of metabolic activation system, while methyl parathion tested positive without a metabolic activation system in Chinese hamster V79 cells (Chen et al. 1981), cultured normal human lymphoid cells (Chen et al. 1981 Gomez-Arroyo et al. 1987 Sobti et al. 1982), and Burkitt s l5miphoma cells (Chen et al. 1981). Chen et al. (1981) found a significant dose-related increase in sister chromatid exchange in both hamster and human cultured cells, but dose-related cell cycle delays were less pronounced in human cell lines than in V79 cells. Negative results were obtained for chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes without a metabolic activation system (Kumar et al. 1993). 

Fig. 11.7 A, diagrammatic representation of plaque assay for evaluating virucidal activity and B, monolayers of baby hamster ki(hiey (BHK) cells C, virus tte untreated virus (o represents a plaque-forming unit, pfu, in BHK cells) D, virus titre disinfectant-treated virus (before plating onto BHK, die disinfectant must be neuh alized in an appropriate manner). Note the greatly reduced nimiber of pfu in D, indicative of fewer iminactivated virus particles than in C. 

For assaying herpes virus, monolayers of baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells are used. Virus titre is expressed as the number of plaque-forming units (pfu) per millilitre before and after exposure to a disinfectant, so that the virucidal efficacy of the test agent can be determined. A diagrammatic representation is given in Fig. 11.7. 

Syrian hamster embryo cells (clonal assay) Cell transformation No data — Amacher and Zelljadt 1983... 

Lee CG, Webber TD. 1985. The induction of gene mutations in the mouse lymphoma L5178Y/K+/ assay and the Chinese hamster V79/HGPRT assay. In Ashby J, de Serres FJ, et al, eds. Progress in mutation research. Vol. 5. Evaluation of short-term tests for carcinogens. Amsterdam, The Netherlands Elsevier Science Publishers, 547-554. 

Guerrant RL, Brunton LL, Schnaitman RC, Rebhun LI, Gilman AG Cyclic adenosine monophosphate and alteration of Chinese hamster ovary cell morphology A rapid, sensitive in vitro assay for the entertoxins of Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli. Infect Immun 1974 10 320-327. 

Aniline transformed the Balb/3T3 mouse cell line at doses of 0.8 to 100 /dose-response effect), but not the Syrian hamster embryo cells (Dunkel et al. 1981). Results were negative in DNA damage assays in Escherichia coli (Mamber et al. 1983) and Bacillus subtilis (McCarroll et al. 1981). 

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