Hamster alveolar macrophages

Case BW, Ip MPC, Padilla M, et al. 1986. Asbestos effects on superoxide production An in vitro study of hamster alveolar macrophages. Environ Res 39 299-306. 

Ferric oxide has been shown to increase the metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene by hamster alveolar macrophages (Greife and Warshawsky 1993). Alveolar macrophages, the primary lung defense cell, have been shown to metabolize benzo[a]pyrene to a more biologically active from, and then release the metabolites. Concurrent exposure of hamster alveolar macrophages to benzo[a]pyrene-coated ferric oxide resulted in a significant increase in the amount of benzo[a]pyrene metabolites and superoxide anions, which have been shown to produce localized lipid peroxidation and edema in vivo... 

Experimental studies in tissue culture in vitro have also been performed for indium compounds. In vitro toxicity studies of InAs particles to hamster alveolar macrophages revealed slight damage to cells, but no necrotic or apoptotic changes and no cytostructural alterations were observed for 2, 4, 10, and 20 j,g doses (Okada etal. 

The intracellular oxidation of fluorescent probes dichlorofluorescin, dihydrorhodamine, and hydro-ethidine by hamster alveolar macrophages in response to lipopolysaccharide did not shoe any significant increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (Imrich et al. 1999). 

Romert, L. and Jenssen, D. (1983). Rabbit alveolar macrophage-mediated mutagenesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in V79 Chinese hamster cells. Mutat. Res. Ill, 245-252. 

Similar pulmonary effects were observed in animals following intermediate-duration exposure. An increase in the number of alveolar macrophages and heterophils were observed in hamsters exposed to 10 mg Al/m3 as alchlor for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week for 2, 4, or 6 weeks (Drew et al. 1974). The severity... 

Conner et al. (1987) did not observe any effect on sister chromatid exchange in bone marrow, alveolar macrophages, and lymphocytes of mice exposed to MIC however, cell cycling of lymphocytes and bone marrow cells from mice exposed to >15 ppm MIC was almost completely suppressed. On the other hand, MIC was found to be genotoxic in rats (Dutta et al, 1988) and caused dose-related increases in sister chromatid exchange as well as chromosomal aberrations in hamster ovary cells in addition to cell cycle delay in mice (Shelby et al, 1987). MIC has also been... 

Chen J, Ziboh V, Giri SN. 1996. Up-regulation of platelet-activating factor receptors in lung and alveolar macrophages in the bleomycin-hamster model of pulmonary fibrosis. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 280 1219-27... 

P-450-dependent mixed-function oxidases (MFO), which in the case of PAHs are called AHHs. AHH is an ubiquitous enzyme system and has been found in a variety of tissues including liver, lung, and gastrointestinal tract of rats, mice, hamsters, and monkeys. AHH has also been detected in human liver, lung, placenta, lymphocytes, monocytes, and alveolar macrophages (Singer and Grunberger... 

Robison T, Sevanian A, Forman H. Inhibition of arachidonic acid release by nordihydroguaiaretic acid and its antioxidant action in rat alveolar macrophages and Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1990 105 113-22. 

The metabolism of BaP has been studied in various human cell systems including skin epithelial cells, pulmonary alveolar macrophages, and blood monocytes and lymphocytes (7, 135, 180, 205, 365, 418), Epithelial cells metabolized BaP to dihydrodiols, phenols, and quinones in a pattern which differed from that formed by rat liver microsomes. The 7,8-dihydrodiol was formed in appreciable quantities. Pulmonary alveolar macrophages also metabolized BaP to the 7,8-dihydrodiol and converted both BaP and the 7,8-dihydrodiol to products mutagenic to Chinese hamster V79 cells. The proximate carcinogen 7,8-dihydrodiol was also formed by blood monocytes and lymphocytes along with varying amounts of the other dihydrodiols, quinones, and phenols. Monocytes... 

After intratracheal instillation of chrysotile asbestos hamster alveolar epithelial cells, can transform into large phagocytic cells which ingest asbestos fibres and produce asbestos bodies (Suzuki et al. 1972). The epithelial cells frequently lose their original type 1 or type 11 cell structure and change into a form intermediate between the epithelial cell and the alveolar macrophage. 

Neutrophils HeLa cells B lymphocytes T lymphocytes Alveolar macrophages Hamster cheek pouch Rat mesenteric venules... 

Garrett NE, Campbell JA, Stack HF, Waters MD, Lewtas J. The utilization of the rabbit alveolar macrophage and Chinese hamster ovary cell for evaluation for the toxicity of particulate materials I. Model compounds and metal-coated fly ash. Environ Res 1981 24 345-365. 

Hamster (Golden Syrian) 3d 6 hr/d - day 1 4 hr/d - days 2 + 3 Resp 33 M (alveolar wall thickening and increased number of macrophages bronchopneumonia) Drewetal. 1974 alchlor... 

Respiratory effects typically associated with inhalation of particulates and lung overload have been observed in animals. The pulmonary toxicity of alchlor (a propylene glycol complex of aluminum chlorhydrate), a common component of antiperspirants, was examined in hamsters in a series of studies conducted by Drew et al. (1974). A 3-day exposure to 31 or 33 mg Al/m3 resulted in moderate-to-marked thickening of the alveolar walls due to neutrophil and macrophage infiltration and small granulomatous foci at the bronchioloalveolar junction (a likely site of particulate deposition). A decrease in the severity of the pulmonary effects was observed in animals killed 3, 6, 10, or 27 days after exposure termination. Similar pulmonary effects were observed in rabbits exposed to 43 mg Al/m3 for 5 days (Drew et al. 

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