Glycerol triesters

Ester hydrolysis in base is called saponification, which means soap making Over 2000 years ago the Phoenicians made soap by heating animal fat with wood ashes Animal fat is rich m glycerol triesters and wood ashes are a source of potassium car bonate Basic hydrolysis of the fats produced a mixture of long chain carboxylic acids as their potassium salts... 

Esters of glycerol, called glycerol triesters, triacylglycerols, or triglycerides, are abundant natural products. The most important group of glycerol triesters includes those in which each acyl group is unbranched and has 14 or more carbon atoms. 

Fats and oils are naturally occuning mixtures of glycerol triesters. Fats are mixtures that are solids at room temperature oils are liquids. The long-chain carboxylic acids obtained from fats and oils by hydrolysis are known as fatty acids. 

Heimann and Vogtle [38] synthesized triesters of glycerol with different ether carboxylic acids with a short alkyl chain. They have found that these hydrophilic lipids, in contrast with the fatty acid glycerol triesters, give complex-ation with alkali and alkali earth metal cations in an analogy of crown ethers. 

How the aliphatic monomers are incorporated into the suberin polymer is not known. Presumably, activated co-hydroxy acids and dicarboxylic acids are ester-ified to the hydroxyl groups as found in cutin biosynthesis. The long chain fatty alcohols might be incorporated into suberin via esterification with phenylpro-panoic acids such as ferulic acid, followed by peroxidase-catalyzed polymerization of the phenolic derivative. This suggestion is based on the finding that ferulic acid esters of very long chain fatty alcohols are frequently found in sub-erin-associated waxes. The recently cloned hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA tyramine N-(hydroxycinnamoyl) transferase [77] may produce a tyramide derivative of the phenolic compound that may then be incorporated into the polymer by a peroxidase. The glycerol triester composed of a fatty acid, caffeic acid and a>-hydroxy acid found in the suberin associated wax [40] may also be incorporated into the polymer by a peroxidase. 

The estimation of the aqueous solubility at rmin and at other temperatures requires data on the enthalpy and the heat capacity of the solution. These properties are themselves temperature dependent and have been systematically studied for various sets of compounds such as hydrocarbons [58,59], 1-alkanols [60], alkoxyethanols, and 1,2-dialkoxyethanes [61], carboxylic acids, amines, and N-substituted amides [62], monoesters, ethylene glycol diesters, glycerol triesters [63], and crown ethers [64], Additive schemes for the estimation of aqueous solution heat capacities have been evaluated [65,66],... 

Aceite de Linaza Acid refined linseed oil Acidulated linseed soapstock Bodied linseed oil Caswell No. 527A EINECS 232-278-6 EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 031603 Fats and Glyceridic oils, linseed Fats and Glyceridic oils, flaxseed Flaxseed oil Groco HSDB 5155 Huile de Lin L-31Q Leinol Linseed absolute Linseed fatty acids, glycerin ester Linseed oil Linseed oil absolute Linseed oil, alkali refined Linseed oil, bleached Linseed oil extract Linseed oil fatty acids, glycerol triester Linseed oil, wash recovered Oils, glyceridic, flaxseed or linseed Oils, linseed Oleum Uni Sunflower... 

Lilial 2240 Linseed oil fatty acids, glycerol triester 2249... 

Saponification is the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of a glycerol triester. 

Such uniform fats do not occur to any extent in nature. Natural fats are statistical mixtures of glycerol triesters with three different fatty acids usually containing 12-20 carbon atoms and 0-4 cw-configured double bonds. A rule that seems often to be followed is that the few percent of unsaturated acids in animal fats are located on the central carbon atom of glycerol, whereas in plant fats their position is rather on Cl or C3. 

Esters of acyclic 1,2,3-trioIs, and esters of cyclic (l,3/2)-trioIs react, via a neighboring-group reaction, with antimony pentachloride to give acyloxonium salts in good yield. Thus, glycerol triesters (27)... 

Chem. Descrip. Glycerol triester of fatty acids Uses Surface coating for expanded polystyrene beads containing a propellant... 

Nikkol Corn Germ Oil Oxygenated Glycerol Triesters Ph ol Maize Super Refined Corn NF Univegoil CRN 8001-31-8... 

Glycerol triester 2-Alkanoate Diethyl ether Petroleum ether Acetone Ethanol... 

In the following, water will refer to a polar phase (i.e., in most cases, an aqueous phase that can contain dissolved additives such as electrolytes), and the term oil will represent an organic phase that is not miscible with water because it is not polar enough. Such an oil may range from a pure alkane to complex hydrocarbon mixtures like crude oils, or from aromatic fragrances to glycerol triesters such as natural oils and fats. 

Glycerol tridecanoate Decanoic acid glycerol triester C33Hf 20f 621-71-6 554.841 cry (peth) 31(1) ... 

Cordycepic acid 6678 4-Cyclohexene-l,2-dicarboxyiic acid. Decanoic acid glycerol triester 5568... 

Soaps were originally produced from animal fats, triesters of glycerol and carboxylic acid containing 12—18 carbon atoms. The glycerol triester called myrisdn contains three acyl group of steanc acid. 

Figure 3.1 An example of a triglyceride or glycerol triester, (the structure shown is...

---