Furniture unsaturated polyester

Fumaric acid occurs naturally in many plants and is named after Fumaria officinalis, a climbing aimual plant, from which it was first isolated. It is also known as (E)-2-butenedioic acid, aHomaleic acid, boletic acid, Hchenic acid, or /n j -l,2-ethylenedicarboxylic acid. It is used as a food acidulant and as a raw material in the manufacture of unsaturated polyester resins, quick-setting inks, furniture lacquers, paper sizing chemicals, and aspartic acid [56-84-8]. 

Coating materials may be based on short or medium-oil alkyds (e.g. primers for door and window frames) nitrocellulose or thermoplastic acrylics (e.g. lacquers for paper or furniture finishes) amino resin-alkyd coatings, with or without nitrocellulose inclusions, but with a strong acid catalyst to promote low temperature cure (furniture finishes) two-pack polyurethanes (furniture, flat boards) unsaturated polyester resins in styrene with free-radical cure initiated by peroxides (furniture) or unsaturated acrylic oligomers and monomers cured by u.v. radiation or electron beams (coatings for record sleeves paperback covers, knock-down furniture or flush interior doors). 

Uses. About 60% of the MA produced is used to make unsaturated polyester and aikyd resins, which are formed by reaction of MA with glycols. Polyester resins are used in the fabrication of glass fiber reinforced parts. Applications include boat hulls, automobile body parts, patio furniture, shower stalls, and pipe. Aikyd resins are mostly used in coatings (paint, varnish, lacquers, and enamels). MA also is widely used as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of plasticizers and dibasic acids (fumaric, maleic, and succinic). About 15% of MA production goes into the manufacture of viscosity index improvers and dispersants used as additives in lube oils. Several agricultural chemicals are based on maleic anhydride, the best known being Malathion. 

Chloroalkyl phosphates such as tris(l,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCiPP) and tris(chloro-wc>-propyl) phosphate (TC/PP) are more often used in textile backcoatings, in rigid and flexible pol3mrethane foams, which are used for thermal insulation and for furniture and upholstery, respectively [63]. In contrast, tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) is now more frequently used in PVC, unsaturated polyester resins, and textile backcoatings [63]. 

Unsaturated polyesters are relatively brittle and about 70% are used with fillers, of which glass fiber is easily the most popular. Glass fiber-reinforced polyester for small boat hulls consumes one quarter of unsaturated polyesters. Automobiles, furniture, and construction also make use of this thermoset resin. 

Palatal . [BASF AG] Unsaturated polyester and vinyl esto resins for building sector, containers, pipes, silos, boat building, motor vdiicte, elec., chem., mech. engineering, space and air travel, consumer goods, furniture, concrete, marble, fillers, buttons, pourable sealing conq)ds. aitd laminates. 

Reinforced (fiber glass) polyester is a common building material, that yields to PVC. It is useful in partitions, prefabricated sheets, pipelines, furniture and coatings. This unsaturated polyester is also an organic cement in flooring or adhesives. 

Polystyrene parts are conventionally solvent cemented or heat welded. However, urethanes, epoxies, unsaturated polyesters, and cyanoacrylates will provide good adhesion to abraded and solvent cleaned surfaces. Hot-melt adhesives are used in the furniture industry. Polystyrene foams will collapse when in contact with certain solvents. For polystyrene foams, a 100 percent sohds adhesive or a water-based contact adhesive is recommended. 

Unsaturated Polyester Systems. Coatings in the furniture industry rely heavily upon resin formulations containing unsaturated polyesters, styrene, and photoinitiator (3,4,13,43,44). The imsaturated polyesters are synthesized using step-growth polymerization (see Polyesters, Unsaturated). Upon illumination, the carbon-carbon double bond in the imsaturated polyester and st5Tene copolymerize to form a cross-linked network (eq. 6). Equation 6 shows a generalized reaction scheme for an imsaturated polyester system. 

In coatings, one of the main applications of unsaturated polyester resins is in furniture and wood finishes. They are also used in gel coats for boats and bathroom fixtures. Another important area of application is in automotive fillers and putties. Unsaturated polyesters are also widely used in chemical resistant coatings and linings for chemical and petrochemical storage tanks. 

The nonfiber reinforced unsaturated polyesters, i.e., non-FRP, are dominated in the United States by the synthetic marble, automotive patching (body putty), and casting resins markets. " In Europe, substantial amounts of resin are used for high-gloss wood finishes. Furniture parts, " simulated... 

About 8,000 metric tons of peroxides were consumed in 1972. This consumption was strongly stimulated by the rapid growth in reinforced plastics (Ref 23). The largest volume product is benzoyl peroxide which is used in polystyrene and polyester markets for such items as toys, automobiles, furniture, marine, transportation and mil requirements. Also, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide is used in large volumes to cure (as a catalyst) styrene-unsatur-ated polyester adhesive resins used in mil ammo adhesive applications, as well as in glass fiber reinforced plastic products such as boats, shower stalls, tub components, automobile bodies, sports equipment, etc. The monoperesters are growing slowly because of some substitution of the peroxydicarbonates and azo compds (Refs 8,9 23)... 

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